Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics02:59

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:28

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria.  In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Kidney-Targeted Nanoparticle Delivery of Formoterol Mitigates Diabetic Kidney Disease without Adverse Cardiac Effects.

ACS pharmacology & translational science·2026
Same author

Infarct-associated oligoclonal T cell expansion in chronic experimental stroke across age, sex, and models.

Experimental neurology·2026
Same author

Mechanical compression reduces CC16 expression and disrupts metabolic homeostasis in airway epithelial cells.

American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology·2026
Same author

5-Hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor antagonism restores ATP and reduces tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the renal cortices of aged mice.

The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics·2026
Same author

2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin accesses acute and subacute infarcts in a mouse model of ischemic stroke.

Fluids and barriers of the CNS·2026
Same author

Engineering Inhalable Carboxymethyl Chitosan-Swellable Microgels for Pulmonary Delivery of Charged Hydrophilic Molecules.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Isolation of Mitochondria for Mitochondrial Supercomplex Analysis from Small Tissue and Cell Culture Samples
05:45

Isolation of Mitochondria for Mitochondrial Supercomplex Analysis from Small Tissue and Cell Culture Samples

Published on: May 3, 2024

Characterization of functionally distinct mitochondrial subpopulations.

Janet E Saunders1, Craig C Beeson, Rick G Schnellmann

  • 1Center for Cell Death, Injury, and Regeneration, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.

Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes
|October 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Flow cytometry can identify distinct mitochondrial subpopulations in kidney cells based on cardiolipin levels and volume. These subpopulations exhibit varied membrane potentials and responses to calcium and uncouplers.

More Related Videos

Genotyping Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome by Pyrosequencing
07:24

Genotyping Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome by Pyrosequencing

Published on: February 10, 2023

Studying Mitochondrial Structure and Function in Drosophila Ovaries
09:53

Studying Mitochondrial Structure and Function in Drosophila Ovaries

Published on: January 4, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Isolation of Mitochondria for Mitochondrial Supercomplex Analysis from Small Tissue and Cell Culture Samples
05:45

Isolation of Mitochondria for Mitochondrial Supercomplex Analysis from Small Tissue and Cell Culture Samples

Published on: May 3, 2024

Genotyping Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome by Pyrosequencing
07:24

Genotyping Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome by Pyrosequencing

Published on: February 10, 2023

Studying Mitochondrial Structure and Function in Drosophila Ovaries
09:53

Studying Mitochondrial Structure and Function in Drosophila Ovaries

Published on: January 4, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Mitochondrial biology
  • Cellular physiology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Mitochondrial stress impacts cell homeostasis, affecting function, morphology, and subpopulations.
  • Flow cytometry quantifies mitochondrial features, but characterization of subpopulations, especially in epithelial cells, is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To utilize flow cytometry for identifying and characterizing mitochondrial subpopulations in kidney epithelial cells.
  • To assess differences in mitochondrial volume, membrane potential, and responses to uncoupling and calcium.

Main Methods:

  • Rabbit kidney mitochondria were stained with nonyl acridine orange (NAO) for cardiolipin and tetramethylrhodamine (TMRM) for membrane potential.
  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze mitochondrial subpopulations based on side scatter (SSC) and NAO/TMRM fluorescence.
  • Probability binning (PB) analyses assessed calcium-induced swelling, with and without cyclosporine A.

Main Results:

  • Side scatter (SSC) correlated inversely with mitochondrial volume.
  • Mitochondrial subpopulations were identified by high, mid, and low NAO content, correlating with SSC and membrane potential.
  • High NAO subpopulations showed greater resistance to uncoupling by FCCP and differential swelling in response to calcium.

Conclusions:

  • Flow cytometry effectively distinguishes mitochondrial subpopulations in kidney cells based on cardiolipin content and volume.
  • Identified subpopulations display distinct bioenergetic properties, including membrane potential and calcium sensitivity.
  • This method provides a powerful tool for studying mitochondrial heterogeneity in cellular stress responses.