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Related Concept Videos

Histology of the Small Intestine01:27

Histology of the Small Intestine

The small intestine exhibits a unique histological structure that significantly enhances its function in digestion and nutrient absorption. These structures include circular folds, villi, and various specialized cells that collectively facilitate the digestion of food.
The intestinal lining features transverse folds called circular folds, each housing fingerlike projections known as intestinal villi. These villi are covered by a layer of simple columnar epithelium, also referred to as...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Isolating Lymphocytes from the Mouse Small Intestinal Immune System
11:28

Isolating Lymphocytes from the Mouse Small Intestinal Immune System

Published on: February 28, 2018

Antigen sampling in the small intestine.

Olga Schulz1, Oliver Pabst

  • 1Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.

Trends in Immunology
|October 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The gut uses specialized cells like M cells and antigen-shuttling receptors to transport antigens, ensuring immune balance. Visualizing this antigen transport aids in developing better mucosal vaccination strategies.

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Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Isolating Lymphocytes from the Mouse Small Intestinal Immune System
11:28

Isolating Lymphocytes from the Mouse Small Intestinal Immune System

Published on: February 28, 2018

Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice
10:30

Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice

Published on: January 25, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Intestinal homeostasis relies on regulated immune responses to luminal antigens.
  • Specialized epithelial mechanisms transport antigens across the gut barrier.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore recent insights into epithelial and immune cell types involved in intestinal antigen uptake.
  • To describe antigen transport visualization using intravital microscopy.
  • To potentially optimize antigen delivery systems for mucosal vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on intestinal antigen sampling.
  • Analysis of cellular mechanisms for antigen transport across the gut epithelium.
  • Examination of intravital microscopy techniques for visualizing antigen transport.

Main Results:

  • Microfold (M) cells in Peyer's patches transport particulate antigens, sometimes with dendritic cells (DCs).
  • Normal villous epithelium utilizes antigen-shuttling receptors and scanning phagocytes for antigen transport.
  • Intravital microscopy provides new visualization of these antigen transport processes.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding antigen uptake mechanisms is crucial for maintaining gut immune homeostasis.
  • Distinct pathways exist for antigen transport depending on the gut region and antigen type.
  • Visualizing antigen transport offers potential for improving mucosal vaccine design.