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Updated: May 17, 2026

Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools
Published on: December 28, 2021
ICUD-EAU International Consultation on Bladder Cancer 2012: Pathology
Mahul B Amin1, Jesse K McKenney, Gladell P Paner
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Mahul.Amin@cshs.org
Context:
To present a summary of the 2nd International Consultation on Bladder Cancer recommendations on the pathology of bladder cancer using an evidence-based strategy.
Objective:
To standardize descriptions of the diagnosis and reporting of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and help optimize uniformity between individual pathology practices and institutions.
Evidence Acquisition:
A detailed Medline analysis was performed for original articles addressing bladder cancer with regard to pathology. Proceedings from the last 5 yr of major conferences were also searched.
Evidence Synthesis:
The major findings are presented in an evidence-based fashion. Large retrospective and prospective data were analyzed.
Conclusions:
Providing the best management for patients with bladder neoplasia relies on close cooperation and teamwork among urologists, oncologists, radiologists, and pathologists.
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