Matrix metalloproteinase-8 is the major potential collagenase in active peri-implantitis

Current clinical procedures to control or regenerate bone loss due to peri-implantitis are not predictable neither accomplish complete resolution. Therefore, early detection of the onset and the active periods of bone loss are crucial for prevention of extensive peri-implant bone resorption. This study aimed to determine a possible association between the presence of collagenases (MMP-1, MMP-8 and MMP-13) in peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) and active periods of bone loss by annually adjusted vertical bone loss (AVBL) measurements.

Intended sample consisted of 76 consecutive patients who received oral implant treatment at the Fixed Prosthodontic Clinic of Okayama University Hospital from 1990 to 2000. Twelve subjects were lost to follow-up or refused to participate. Consequently, the actual sample consisted of 64 patients who were followed-up for at least one year. Those patients with AVBL>0.6mm were included in the severe peri-implantitis group, and randomly selected, age-, gender- and implantation site-matched healthy patients (AVBL<0.3mm) comprised the control group. PISF samples were collected from both groups and further analyzed by western blot for detection of collagenases.

Four patients presented severe peri-implantitis. MMP-8 was the only collagenase detected in peri-implant sites with ongoing bone loss. PISF samples from control group showed no positive reactions to any collagenase.

This study showed MMP-8 as a possible marker for progressive bone loss in peri-implantitis.