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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Measurement of Poly A Tail Length from Drosophila Larva Brain and Cell Line

Measurement of Poly A Tail Length from Drosophila Larva Brain and Cell Line

Published on: January 12, 2024

Novel upstream and downstream sequence elements contribute to polyadenylation efficiency.

Sarah K Darmon¹, Carol S Lutz

¹Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, and the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA.

|October 23, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Novel auxiliary elements enhance messenger RNA (mRNA) polyadenylation efficiency by influencing gene expression. RNA structure plays a critical role in this process, affecting both polyadenylation choice and reporter protein levels.

Keywords:

3′ end formation RNA structure auxiliary elements polyadenylation regulation

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Published on: October 10, 2017

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Gene Expression Regulation
RNA Processing

Background:

Polyadenylation is a crucial 3' mRNA processing step impacting gene expression.
Human polyadenylation signals (PAS) utilize core and auxiliary elements for factor binding.
Auxiliary elements are vital for polyadenylation efficiency, especially when core elements are suboptimal.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and validate novel auxiliary elements involved in mRNA polyadenylation.
To investigate the impact of these novel elements on polyadenylation signal strength and reporter gene expression.
To explore the role of RNA structure and element copy number in polyadenylation.

Main Methods:

Bioinformatic survey to identify overrepresented motifs for novel auxiliary elements.
Tandem in vivo polyadenylation assays to measure polyadenylation signal strength.
Luciferase reporter assays to quantify reporter protein levels in response to auxiliary elements.

Main Results:

Most novel upstream and downstream auxiliary elements significantly enhanced the test polyadenylation signal.
Increased reporter protein levels were observed with novel upstream and two novel downstream auxiliary elements.
Multiple copies of novel elements or significant RNA structural changes reduced polyadenylation efficiency and reporter levels.

Conclusions:

Novel auxiliary elements can effectively enhance mRNA polyadenylation.
RNA structure is a significant determinant of polyadenylation efficiency and choice.
The number of auxiliary element copies influences polyadenylation outcomes.