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Training old rats selectively modulates synaptosomal protein synthesis.

Maria Eyman¹, Carolina Cefaliello, Paola Mandile

¹Department of Biological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.

Journal of Neuroscience Research

|October 23, 2012

Summary

Training male rats enhances synaptic protein synthesis. Old rats show distinct protein synthesis patterns and behavioral correlations compared to younger adult rats.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Molecular Biology
Behavioral Neuroscience

Background:

Previous studies demonstrated enhanced local synthesis of specific synaptic proteins (66.5-kDa and 87.6-kDa) in adult rats trained for a two-way active avoidance task.
This suggests that synaptic protein synthesis is a modifiable process linked to learning and memory.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether a similar response in synaptic protein synthesis occurs in aged male rats (2-year-old) trained on the same avoidance task.
To compare the patterns of protein synthesis and their correlations with behavioral responses between aged and adult rats.

Main Methods:

Training 2-year-old male rats on a two-way active avoidance task.
Measuring the local synthesis of 66.5-kDa and 87.6-kDa synaptic proteins in various brain regions (cerebral cortex, brainstem, cerebellum).
Correlating the synthesis of these proteins with specific behaviors (avoidances, escapes, freezings).

Main Results:

Aged rats showed a marked increase in 66.5-kDa protein synthesis in the cerebral cortex, brainstem, and cerebellum, with a smaller increase in 87.6-kDa protein synthesis.
In aged rats, newly synthesized 87.6-kDa protein correlated with avoidances and escapes and inversely with freezings in the cerebral cortex and brainstem.
These correlative patterns in aged rats differed significantly from those observed in trained adult rats.

Conclusions:

Training selectively modulates the local system of synaptic protein synthesis across different age groups.
The synaptic protein synthesis response to training in aged rats differs from that in adult rats, as evidenced by distinct protein synthesis levels and behavioral correlations.
These findings highlight age-related differences in the neurobiological adaptations to learning tasks.