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Processing (non)compositional expressions: mistakes and recovery.

Edward Holsinger1, Elsi Kaiser

  • 1Department of Linguistics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1693, USA. eschlon@mac.com

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|October 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Literal processing is crucial for understanding idioms. When readers expect a literal meaning but encounter an idiomatic phrase, comprehension is significantly disrupted, supporting obligatory literal processing models.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • Models of idiom processing debate the necessity of literal interpretation.
  • Word-like models suggest direct access to idiomatic meaning.
  • Structural models emphasize the role of literal processing in idiom comprehension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how contextual expectations affect real-time processing of ambiguous phrasal verbs.
  • To examine comprehension recovery when expectations about idiom interpretation are violated.
  • To determine the influence of literal vs. idiomatic processing on reading times.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a self-paced reading task to measure processing times.
  • Presented phrasal verbs ambiguous between literal and idiomatic senses (e.g., 'look up', 'turn in').
  • Manipulated contextual expectations to create mismatches between predicted and actual interpretations.

Main Results:

  • Processing was more disrupted when a literal expectation was violated by an idiomatic phrase.
  • Reading times increased significantly under literal-to-idiomatic interpretation shifts.
  • Fewer disruptions occurred when an idiomatic expectation was met with a literal interpretation.

Conclusions:

  • Results support models proposing obligatory literal processing for idioms.
  • Contextual expectations play a significant role in idiom comprehension dynamics.
  • Literal interpretation appears to be a necessary, albeit not always sufficient, step in processing idiomatic expressions.