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Pelvic muscle strength after childbirth
Sarah Friedman1, Joan L Blomquist, Joann M Nugent
1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
|October 24, 2012
Summary
Vaginal childbirth and forceps delivery significantly reduce pelvic muscle strength years later. This reduced strength is linked to anal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse in women with a history of vaginal birth.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive medicine
- Urogynecology
- Pelvic floor physical therapy
Background:
- Childbirth can impact pelvic floor muscle strength.
- Long-term effects of obstetric interventions on pelvic muscle function are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the long-term effects of vaginal childbirth and obstetric exposures on pelvic muscle strength.
- To investigate the association between pelvic muscle strength and pelvic floor disorders.
Main Methods:
- Pelvic muscle strength was measured in 666 parous women 6-11 years postpartum using a perineometer.
- Obstetric exposures were reviewed, and pelvic floor disorders were assessed via questionnaire and physical examination.
- Statistical analyses included Kruskal-Wallis tests and multivariable linear regression.
Main Results:
- Vaginal delivery was associated with reduced peak muscle strength and contraction duration compared to cesarean delivery.
- Forceps delivery further diminished pelvic muscle strength.
- Reduced strength post-vaginal delivery correlated with anal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse symptoms.
Conclusions:
- Vaginal and forceps deliveries have a lasting negative impact on pelvic muscle strength.
- Pelvic muscle weakness following vaginal birth is linked to specific pelvic floor disorders, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
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