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Related Concept Videos

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra. Schrödinger...
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On many occasions, physicists, other scientists, and engineers need to make estimates of a particular quantity. These are sometimes referred to as guesstimates, order-of-magnitude approximations, back-of-the-envelope calculations, or Fermi calculations. The physicist Enrico Fermi was famous for his ability to estimate various kinds of data with surprising precision. Estimating does not mean guessing a number or a formula at random. Instead, estimation means using prior experience and sound...
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The first law of thermodynamics establishes that the change in internal energy of a system is given by ΔU = q + w, where q is the heat exchanged, and w is the work performed. For a perfect gas, both internal energy (U) and enthalpy (H) depend solely on temperature. Consequently, for any change of state, whether reversible or irreversible, the internal energy change is determined by integrating the heat capacity at constant volume, and the enthalpy change by integrating the heat capacity at...
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A parallel-plate capacitor with capacitance C, whose plates have area A and separation distance d, is connected to a resistor R and a battery of voltage V. The current starts to flow at t = 0. What is the displacement current between the capacitor plates at time t? From the properties of the capacitor, what is the corresponding real current?
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Updated: May 17, 2026

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
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Quantum system characterization with limited resources.

D K L Oi1, S G Schirmer

  • 1SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK. daniel@phys.strath.ac.uk

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|October 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Accurate quantum device control requires understanding system dynamics. This study reviews efficient methods for characterizing qubits, even within complex systems, using prior knowledge and adaptive sampling.

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Last Updated: May 17, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Computing
  • Quantum Control

Background:

  • Large-scale quantum information devices face challenges in construction and operation.
  • Effective control of coherent evolution is crucial but hindered by device-specific system dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review strategies for efficient characterization of quantum systems.
  • To apply these strategies to qubit characterization within larger systems.
  • To investigate adaptive sampling for parameter estimation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing strategies for knowledge acquisition from minimal resources.
  • Application of techniques to a qubit embedded in a larger state manifold.
  • Exploitation of prior structural knowledge to simplify characterization.
  • Investigation of adaptive sampling for multi-parameter estimation.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of efficient characterization strategies for quantum systems.
  • Successful application to a complex qubit system by leveraging prior knowledge.
  • Validation of adaptive sampling for estimating multiple parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Efficient characterization is key to advancing large-scale quantum information devices.
  • Combining prior knowledge with adaptive sampling offers a powerful approach.
  • These methods facilitate the control and operation of complex quantum systems.