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Related Concept Videos

Parental Care00:55

Parental Care

Many animals exhibit parental care behavior, including feeding, grooming, and protecting young offspring. Parental care is universal in mammals and birds, which often have young that are born relatively helpless. Several species of insects and fish, as well as some amphibians, also care for their young.
The Mammary Glands01:12

The Mammary Glands

The female breast is a hemispheric projection of variable size positioned anterior to the pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles. A fascia layer composed of dense, irregular connective tissue connects it to these muscles.
Each breast features a pigmented projection known as the nipple, through which milk emerges via closely spaced openings of ducts, referred to as lactiferous ducts. Surrounding the nipple is a circular pigmented area of skin named the areola, which appears rough due to...
Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice01:30

Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice

Theories play an essential role in organizing patient care. Theories refer to a proposed or followed belief, policy, or procedure that is the basis for action. Nursing theories are knowledge-based concepts that guide nurses' actions, influence nursing education and practice, and allow nurses to care for their patients.
Theories provide a perspective to assess patients' conditions and organize data and methods. They also assist in analyzing and interpreting information. They represent a...
Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition

Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

An Efficient Single-Person Technique for Milk Sampling from Laboratory Mice
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[Breastfeeding: from physiology to practical aspects].

E Damis1, L Gucciardo, L Berrefas

  • 1Clinique de la Maternité, C.H.U. Brugmann, Bruxelles. eliane.damis@chu-brugmann.be

Revue Medicale De Bruxelles
|October 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months, and continued with complementary foods until 2 years, is ideal for newborns. Healthcare policies and perinatal education significantly promote breastfeeding duration, with family doctors playing a key support role.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Maternal and Child Health

Background:

  • Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months of life.
  • Breastfeeding can continue alongside complementary foods until 2 years of age.
  • The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) has improved patient information regarding breastfeeding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the physiology and practical aspects of breastfeeding.
  • To highlight the role of family doctors in promoting and supporting breastfeeding.
  • To emphasize the importance of extended breastfeeding duration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current maternity care policies and the BFHI project.
  • Discussion of the physiological and practical aspects of lactation.
  • Emphasis on the role of healthcare providers, particularly family doctors.

Main Results:

  • Changes in maternity care policy and BFHI adherence have improved patient information.
  • Perinatal education is a significant contributor to breastfeeding promotion.
  • Family doctors are crucial for informing and supporting mothers in their breastfeeding choices.

Conclusions:

  • Extended breastfeeding duration is a key goal.
  • Family doctors play a vital role in breastfeeding information and support.
  • Mothers facing breastfeeding difficulties should seek guidance from healthcare professionals, including their family doctor.