Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

X-ray Imaging

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...

$X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples$ 01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal crystal...

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...

Scanning Electron Microscopy

Scanning Electron Microscopy

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
Fundamental Principles
Accelerated...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Role of the Chest Wall in Newborn Respiratory Function at Birth.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·2025

Same author

3DMPR - a robust morphological approach for applying phase retrieval in proximity to highly attenuating objects in computed tomography.

Journal of synchrotron radiation·2025

Same author

External negative pressure improves lung aeration in near-term rabbit kittens at risk of developing respiratory distress.

Frontiers in pediatrics·2025

Same author

Assessing lung aeration using ultrasound after birth in near-term lambs at risk of respiratory distress.

Frontiers in pediatrics·2023

Same author

Accurate measures of changes in regional lung air volumes from chest x-rays of small animals.

Physics in medicine and biology·2022

Same author

Tomographic reconstruction using tilted Laue analyser-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging.

Journal of synchrotron radiation·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

Published on: September 11, 2011

Single-exposure dual-energy-subtraction X-ray imaging using a synchrotron source.

R P Carnibella¹, A Fouras, M J Kitchen

¹Division of Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia. richard.carnibella@monash.edu

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation

|October 25, 2012

Summary

A novel dual-energy X-ray imaging technique uses harmonic content to separate bone and soft tissue, improving visibility in chest radiography. This method enhances dynamic lung imaging by overcoming limitations of current dual-energy subtraction techniques.

More Related Videos

Non-invasive 3D-Visualization with Sub-micron Resolution Using Synchrotron-X-ray-tomography

Non-invasive 3D-Visualization with Sub-micron Resolution Using Synchrotron-X-ray-tomography

Published on: May 27, 2008

Using Synchrotron Radiation Microtomography to Investigate Multi-scale Three-dimensional Microelectronic Packages

Using Synchrotron Radiation Microtomography to Investigate Multi-scale Three-dimensional Microelectronic Packages

Published on: April 13, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

Published on: September 11, 2011

Non-invasive 3D-Visualization with Sub-micron Resolution Using Synchrotron-X-ray-tomography

Non-invasive 3D-Visualization with Sub-micron Resolution Using Synchrotron-X-ray-tomography

Published on: May 27, 2008

Using Synchrotron Radiation Microtomography to Investigate Multi-scale Three-dimensional Microelectronic Packages

Using Synchrotron Radiation Microtomography to Investigate Multi-scale Three-dimensional Microelectronic Packages

Published on: April 13, 2016

Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Radiography
Biophysics

Background:

Chest projection radiography is challenged by overlying bony structures obscuring lung and heart details.
Conventional dual-energy subtraction techniques are suboptimal for dynamic imaging applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a new single-exposure, dual-energy imaging technique for improved chest radiography.
To overcome limitations of existing methods in dynamic imaging scenarios.

Main Methods:

Exploitation of harmonic content from a monochromated X-ray beam.
Utilizing two in-line detectors for single-exposure dual-energy acquisition.
Application of the technique to phantom and biological specimens (mouse thorax).

Main Results:

Successful separation and quantitative measurement of material thicknesses in phantom studies.
Demonstrated ability to differentiate bone and soft tissue in a biological specimen.
Validation of the technique's potential for dynamic imaging.

Conclusions:

The developed technique effectively separates bone and soft tissue in projection radiography.
This novel approach is anticipated to significantly enhance dynamic lung imaging performance.
Offers a promising advancement for visualizing thoracic structures in motion.