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Brain connectivity abnormalities extend beyond the sensorimotor network in peripheral neuropathy.

Maria A Rocca1, Paola Valsasina, Raffaella Fazio

  • 1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.

Human Brain Mapping
|October 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Resting state functional connectivity (FC) modifications in peripheral neuropathies (PN) extend beyond the sensorimotor network, involving cognitive and sensory networks. These brain changes may represent an adaptive mechanism to limit clinical impairment over time.

Keywords:
brain plasticityfMRIfunctional network connectivityperipheral neuropathyresting state functional connectivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Peripheral neuropathies (PN) affect nerve function, leading to sensory and motor deficits.
  • The brain's functional connectivity (FC) and its adaptation in PN are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate sensorimotor network involvement in acquired (APN) and hereditary (HPN) peripheral neuropathies using resting state (RS) functional connectivity (FC).
  • Explore correlations between RS FC abnormalities, clinical impairment, and structural brain damage.
  • Examine temporal associations among resting state networks.

Main Methods:

  • Resting state fMRI scans were acquired from 13 APN, 12 HPN, and 18 healthy controls.
  • Independent component analysis and functional network connectivity were employed to analyze RS FC within and between networks.

Main Results:

  • Patients with PN showed decreased FC in the right precentral gyrus and increased FC in the precuneus within the sensorimotor network compared to controls.
  • Altered FC was observed in visual, auditory, and cognitive networks, with increased sensorimotor network coherence, particularly in HPN.
  • FC modifications correlated with disease duration, and in APN, with clinical impairment and corpus callosum atrophy.

Conclusions:

  • Functional connectivity alterations in PN are widespread, affecting sensory and cognitive networks beyond the sensorimotor system.
  • RS FC patterns correlate with disease duration and clinical severity, suggesting an adaptive brain mechanism.
  • These adaptive changes may help mitigate the clinical impact of peripheral nerve damage over time.