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Published on: January 28, 2019
Detection of human rotavirus in hospitalized diarrheic children in central India
Anupam Lal Kusumakar1, Savita, Yashpal Malik
1College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi, Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, 482 001 India.
Insights
Group A rotaviruses were detected in diarrheic children using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). This study highlights the prevalence and genomic diversity of rotaviruses in young children.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Pediatrics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Rotavirus gastroenteritis is a significant cause of diarrheal disease in children worldwide.
- Group A rotaviruses are the most common cause of severe rotavirus infections.
- Understanding the genetic diversity and epidemiology of circulating rotaviruses is crucial for effective control strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To detect and characterize group A human rotaviruses in fecal samples from diarrheic children.
- To investigate the prevalence of rotavirus infection in hospitalized children and those from animal farm areas.
- To analyze the genomic diversity of detected rotaviruses based on their RNA migration patterns.
Main Methods:
- Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) was used to detect rotaviruses in fecal samples.
- RNA profiles were analyzed to determine electropherotypes and classify them as long or short patterns.
- Demographic data (age, sex) were collected for infected children.
Main Results:
- Rotavirus was detected in 12 out of 33 (36.36%) diarrheic children; none were found in children from animal farm areas.
- Female children (46.15%) were more susceptible than males (30%).
- The highest incidence (40.91%) was observed in children up to one year of age.
- Five different electropherotypes were identified, indicating genomic diversity.
- Long RNA patterns (66.67%) were more common than short patterns.
Conclusions:
- Group A rotaviruses are circulating among diarrheic children in this region.
- The study identified significant genomic diversity among human rotavirus isolates.
- Further molecular characterization and comparative studies with animal strains are recommended.
Abstract:
During the present study, group A human rotaviruses were detected among diarrheic children using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) technique, with a typical RNA migration pattern of 4:2:3:2, suggestive of group A rotavirus. During the study, a total of 46 fecal samples collected from hospitalized children with acute diarrhea as well as children inhabiting nearby animal farms with history of presence of animal rotaviruses on the farms were processed for detection of human rotavirus. Out of 33 diarrheic children, 12 showed presence of rotavirus infection (36.36%), however, none of the children from animal farm areas showed presence of rotavirus. Female children were more susceptible to rotavirus infection (46.15%) than males (30%). Majority of the cases of rotavirus gastroenteritis belonged up to one year of the age, with an incidence of 40.91%. RNA profile of rotaviruses suggested circulation of 5 different electropherotypes in this geographical locale of the country, indicating existence of genomic diversity among human rotaviruses. Majority of the isolates were of long pattern (66.67%), whereas short pattern was detected only in one third of the viruses. This preliminary study emphasizes for further detailed studies on the molecular characterization of rotaviruses circulating in this part of country and their relationship with other human rotavirus strains and animal strains in the country.
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