Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

PCR01:32

PCR

Overview
Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are characterized.
Replication in Prokaryotes01:32

Replication in Prokaryotes

DNA replication has three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. Replication in prokaryotes begins when initiator proteins bind to the single origin of replication (ori) on the cell's circular chromosome. Replication then proceeds around the entire circle of the chromosome in each direction from the two replication forks, resulting in two DNA molecules.
Many Proteins Work Together to Replicate the Chromosome
Replication is coordinated and carried out by a host of specialized...
Replication in Prokaryotes02:35

Replication in Prokaryotes

Overview
Genome Copying Errors02:46

Genome Copying Errors

DNA replication is a well-evolved process that copies millions of base pairs with high fidelity during each cell division. Occasionally a wrong base or a long stretch of wrong bases may get added to the daughter strands. If the errors are left unchecked, cells might accumulate several mutations that might endanger their  survival. Therefore, the copying errors are checked and repaired at three levels.
Binary Fission01:20

Binary Fission

Fission is the division of a single entity into two or more parts, which regenerate into separate entities that resemble the original. Organisms in the Archaea and Bacteria domains reproduce using binary fission, in which a parent cell splits into two parts that can each grow to the size of the original parent cell. This asexual method of reproduction produces cells that are all genetically identical.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cloning and characterization of a novel apolipoprotein gene, apolipoprotein AV, in tree shrews.

Molecular biology reports·2013
Same author

MIMO: an efficient tool for molecular interaction maps overlap.

BMC bioinformatics·2013
Same author

Nanofibers with very fine core-shell morphology from anisotropic micelle of amphiphilic crystalline-coil block copolymer.

ACS nano·2013
Same author

Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles on primary Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cells.

Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology·2013
Same author

Antitumor activity of caffeic acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester and its pharmacokinetic and metabolic properties.

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology·2013
Same author

Mitochondrial genome sequences of Artemia tibetiana and Artemia urmiana: assessing molecular changes for high plateau adaptation.

Science China. Life sciences·2013
Same journal

Connectomes inform function: from time-varying dynamics to animal behaviour.

Natural computing·2026
Same journal

Turning machines: a simple algorithmic model for molecular robotics.

Natural computing·2024
Same journal

Protein structure prediction with energy minimization and deep learning approaches.

Natural computing·2023
Same journal

Computational graph pangenomics: a tutorial on data structures and their applications.

Natural computing·2023
Same journal

Estimates of the collective immunity to COVID-19 derived from a stochastic cellular automaton based framework.

Natural computing·2022
Same journal

A GIS-aided cellular automata system for monitoring and estimating graph-based spread of epidemics.

Natural computing·2022
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector
12:08

Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector

Published on: March 28, 2018

Multiplying with DNA.

Gang Wu1, Nadrian C Seeman

  • 1Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.

Natural Computing
|October 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates DNA multiplication using DNA hybridization. DNA strands represent numbers, and their interactions yield accurate multiplication results through a novel bio-computational process.

More Related Videos

Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay
17:03

Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay

Published on: March 23, 2010

Measuring Single-Cell Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Heteroplasmy Using Digital Droplet Polymerase Chain Reaction
09:15

Measuring Single-Cell Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Heteroplasmy Using Digital Droplet Polymerase Chain Reaction

Published on: July 12, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector
12:08

Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector

Published on: March 28, 2018

Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay
17:03

Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay

Published on: March 23, 2010

Measuring Single-Cell Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Heteroplasmy Using Digital Droplet Polymerase Chain Reaction
09:15

Measuring Single-Cell Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Heteroplasmy Using Digital Droplet Polymerase Chain Reaction

Published on: July 12, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Computing
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Traditional computation relies on electronic components.
  • DNA computing offers a novel approach using molecular interactions.
  • DNA hybridization is a key phenomenon for molecular recognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a DNA-based method for performing multiplication.
  • To utilize DNA hybridization for representing and processing numerical data.
  • To establish a bio-computational system capable of accurate mathematical operations.

Main Methods:

  • Representing numbers in binary using DNA strands of varying lengths.
  • Exploiting DNA hybridization to facilitate molecular pairing and computation.
  • Using DNA polymerase to complete duplex molecules and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) for separation.
  • Interpreting band patterns in the size domain to derive binary results.

Main Results:

  • Successful implementation of multiplication using DNA strands as computational units.
  • Demonstration of accurate results through the analysis of separated DNA duplexes.
  • Validation of the DNA-based multiplication process through experimental outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • DNA hybridization and polymerase activity can be harnessed for complex computational tasks like multiplication.
  • This approach offers a viable alternative to traditional electronic computing for specific applications.
  • The developed method provides a foundation for further advancements in DNA-based computation.