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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
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Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease include...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoprobes for Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Detection
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pncA Mutations in the Specimens from Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis.

Jaechun Lee1, Yeo-Jun Yun, Cheah Yoke Kqueen

  • 1Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
|October 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Detecting pncA mutations in extrapulmonary tuberculosis aids early diagnosis and pyrazinamide (PZA) susceptibility testing. Specific pncA mutations may also identify M. bovis infections.

Keywords:
AmidohydrolasesAntitubercular AgentsMycobacterium bovisPyrazinamideTuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Pyrazinamide (PZA) is a crucial antitubercular drug activated by pyrazinamidase (PZase) from its precursor.
  • Mutations in the pncA gene, which encodes PZase, are linked to PZA resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  • Extrapulmonary tuberculosis isolates are difficult to culture, complicating diagnosis and susceptibility testing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate pncA mutations in extrapulmonary tuberculosis specimens.
  • To assess the utility of pncA sequencing for diagnosing mycobacterial infections.
  • To evaluate pncA mutations as a rapid susceptibility test for PZA.

Main Methods:

  • Sequencing of the pncA gene from clinical specimens of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
  • Comparison of obtained pncA sequences with wild-type sequences.

Main Results:

  • pncA was successfully amplified from 56.6% of specimens.
  • Six distinct pncA mutations were identified in 20.0% of amplified specimens.
  • Mutations were observed at nucleotide positions 169, 248, and 419, altering amino acid sequences.

Conclusions:

  • DNA-based pncA analysis can facilitate early diagnosis of mycobacterial infections.
  • pncA sequencing offers a rapid method for PZA susceptibility testing in extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
  • A specific pncA mutation (at position 169) may serve as a diagnostic marker for M. bovis infection or BCG reactivation.