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Case Studies

There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.

Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs

Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs

Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
The primary methodologies used in behavior genetics include family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies, each providing unique...

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...

Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test

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The t-test is a statistical method used to compare the sample mean with a population mean or compare two means from two data sets. The test statistic is calculated from the standard deviation, mean, and number of measurements in the data set at a selected confidence interval and then compared to a table of critical values at this confidence level. If the test statistic is smaller than the critical value, the null hypothesis is accepted. In this case, we state that the difference between the...

Longitudinal Research

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...

Regression Toward the Mean

Regression Toward the Mean

Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when researchers try to extrapolate results...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Inchworming: A Novel Motor Stereotypy in the BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J Mouse Model of Autism

Inchworming: A Novel Motor Stereotypy in the BTBR T⁺ Itpr3^tf/J Mouse Model of Autism

Published on: July 5, 2014

Turkish twin study: an initial step.

Sevgi Yurt Oncel¹, Fazil Aliev

¹Department of Statistics, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey. syoncel@gmail.com

Twin Research and Human Genetics : the Official Journal of the International Society for Twin Studies

|October 30, 2012

Summary

This study establishes the first Turkish twin registry to investigate health problem causes, considering cultural diversity. Initial findings offer insights into nicotine dependence factors like age, gender, and family environment.

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Area of Science:

Behavioral Genetics
Psychiatry
Public Health

Background:

Turkey's rich cultural diversity presents a unique opportunity to study health problem etiology.
Establishing a national twin registry is crucial for understanding genetic and environmental influences on health.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce the first twin study in Turkey.
To lay the groundwork for a comprehensive national twin registry.
To explore factors influencing nicotine dependence within a culturally diverse population.

Main Methods:

A pilot study involving 618 individuals (302 twin pairs, 14 singletons) from Ankara and Kirikkale.
Administration of a questionnaire covering nicotine use, psychiatric disorders, family information, and zygosity.
Utilizing twin data to analyze genetic and environmental contributions to health-related traits.

Main Results:

The study provides initial data on nicotine use patterns in Turkish twins.
Identified demographic and familial factors associated with nicotine dependence.
Demonstrated the feasibility of conducting twin research in Turkey.

Conclusions:

The Turkish twin study is a valuable resource for understanding health problem etiology in diverse populations.
Future research can leverage this registry to investigate a wide range of genetic and environmental influences.
Findings contribute to public health strategies for nicotine dependence and other conditions.