Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 17, 2026

Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis
Published on: September 26, 2018
Prevalence of uncontrolled risk factors for cardiovascular disease: United States, 1999-2010
Cheryl D Fryar1, Te-Ching Chen, Xianfen Li
1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, Maryland 20782, USA.
Insights
Heart disease remains a leading cause of death. This study presents recent data on uncontrolled high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and smoking, key risk factors for cardiovascular disease and stroke.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Cardiovascular Disease Research
Background:
- Heart disease is the primary cause of mortality in the U.S.
- Key risk factors include hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking, contributing to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke.
- The Million Hearts Initiative aims to prevent 1 million heart attacks and strokes within five years.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present the most recent prevalence estimates of uncontrolled high blood pressure.
- To report on current trends of uncontrolled low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C) levels.
- To analyze recent data on cigarette smoking among U.S. adults.
Main Methods:
- Utilized national health survey data for adults aged 20 and over.
- Analyzed prevalence and trends for three major cardiovascular risk factors.
- Expanded upon previously published results with updated statistics.
Main Results:
- Provides updated prevalence estimates for uncontrolled hypertension.
- Details recent trends in uncontrolled LDL-C levels.
- Presents current smoking prevalence data in adults.
Conclusions:
- Highlights the ongoing public health burden of cardiovascular risk factors.
- Informs strategies for the Million Hearts Initiative.
- Underscores the need for continued monitoring and intervention for CVD prevention.
Abstract:
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States (1). High blood pressure, high cholesterol, and smoking are all risk factors that could lead to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke. The recently announced Million Hearts Initiative is aimed at preventing 1 million heart attacks and strokes over the next 5 years (2–4). This report expands on results previously published (2) by presenting the most recent prevalence estimates and trends of uncontrolled high blood pressure, uncontrolled high levels of low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C), and current cigarette smoking among adults aged 20 and over.
Related Concept Videos
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures
Atherosclerosis III: Management
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
Cardiovascular Drugs: Classification based on Therapeutic Indications