Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
12:18

A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: January 11, 2020

Predictive validity and diagnostic stability of mild cognitive impairment subtypes

Ji Won Han1, Tae Hui Kim, Seok Bum Lee

  • 1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggido, Korea.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|October 30, 2012
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subtypes based on multiple impaired domains predict worse outcomes than single-domain MCI. However, MCI subtypes are diagnostically unstable, with frequent shifts between categories over time.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is classified into subtypes based on memory impairment and the number of affected cognitive domains.
  • The predictive validity and diagnostic stability of these MCI subtypes are not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the predictive validity of MCI subtypes for clinical outcomes.
  • To assess the diagnostic stability of MCI subtypes over an 18-month follow-up period.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 140 MCI patients from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging with 18-month follow-up.
  • Multinomial logistic regression used to assess predictive validity of MCI subtypes.
  • Annual conversion rates calculated to determine diagnostic stability between subtypes.

Main Results:

  • Multiple-domain MCI (MCIm) showed significantly lower reversion to normal cognition (10.94%) and higher conversion to dementia (23.44%) compared to single-domain MCI (MCIs) (43.42% reversion, 5.26% dementia conversion).
  • No significant differences in reversion or conversion rates were found between amnestic and nonamnestic MCI subtypes.
  • Among participants without conversion or reversion, 17.74% annually converted to a different MCI subtype.

Conclusions:

  • The number of impaired cognitive domains, not memory impairment, is a key predictor of poor outcomes in MCI.
  • MCI subtypes demonstrate significant diagnostic instability, with frequent transitions between categories.

More Related Videos

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease06:23

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: October 13, 2016

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions07:30

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions

Published on: April 23, 2021

Related Concept Videos

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
Dementia01:30

Dementia

Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual.
Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...