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Updated: May 17, 2026

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Published on: April 9, 2014
Phase-gradient microscopy in thick tissue with oblique back-illumination
Tim N Ford1, Kengyeh K Chu, Jerome Mertz
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Abstract:
Phase-contrast techniques, such as differential interference contrast microscopy, are widely used to obtain morphological images of unstained biological samples. The transillumination geometry required for these techniques restricts their application to thin samples. We introduce oblique back-illumination microscopy, a method of collecting en face phase-gradient images of thick scattering samples, enabling near-video-rate in vivo phase imaging with a miniaturized probe suitable for endoscopy.
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