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Oxygen, pH, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.

David F Wilson1, David K Harrison, Sergei A Vinogradov

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. wilsondf@mail.med.upenn.edu

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|October 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation acts as an oxygen sensor, regulating metabolism and vital functions. Its efficiency, particularly the K(M) for oxygen, changes with pH, potentially aiding tumor cell survival in low-oxygen environments.

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Oxygen-Independent Assays to Measure Mitochondrial Function in Mammals
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Oxygen-Independent Assays to Measure Mitochondrial Function in Mammals

Published on: May 19, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cellular Respiration
  • Mitochondrial Function

Background:

  • Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is crucial for cellular energy production.
  • Understanding oxygen's role in this process is key to metabolic regulation.
  • Cytochrome-c oxidase activity is a critical component of the electron transport chain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure the oxygen dependence of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in rat liver mitochondria.
  • To determine the kinetic parameters (K(M) and V(M)) for oxygen consumption.
  • To investigate the impact of pH and uncoupling on oxygen utilization.

Main Methods:

  • Isolated rat liver mitochondria were used.
  • Novel methods measured oxygen and cytochrome c reduction.
  • Cytochrome-c oxidase activity was assessed using artificial electron donors and ascorbate.

Main Results:

  • Decreasing oxygen pressure increased cytochrome c reduction and decreased respiratory rate under metabolic conditions.
  • The K(M) for oxygen varied with pH (e.g., 3 Torr at pH 6.9, 18 Torr at pH 7.9) at 22°C.
  • Uncoupling increased respiratory rate and decreased K(M) for oxygen to <2 Torr.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation functions as an oxygen sensor, influencing metabolism and cardiopulmonary function.
  • The pH-dependent K(M) for oxygen impacts tissue function and may confer a survival advantage to tumor cells in hypoxic conditions.