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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts01:13

Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts

De novo myogenesis, or the formation of muscle fibers, begins during the early embryonic stages. The skeletal muscle is formed from somites– blocks of embryonic cell layers. The somites are further divided into dermatomes, myotomes, sclerotomes, and syndetomes. Among these, the myotomes give rise to muscle fibers.
Muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) are formed from the myotomes. MPCs express genes that encode the transcription factors Pax3 and Pax7. Along with Pax 3/7, other transcription factors...
Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

High Efficiency Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Cardiomyocytes and Characterization by Flow Cytometry
13:13

High Efficiency Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Cardiomyocytes and Characterization by Flow Cytometry

Published on: September 23, 2014

Long noncoding RNAs in cardiac development and pathophysiology.

Nicole Schonrock1, Richard P Harvey, John S Mattick

  • 1Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.

Circulation Research
|October 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Regulatory RNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, play a crucial role in heart function and adaptation. Understanding these RNA molecules is key to exploring heart diseases.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

High Efficiency Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Cardiomyocytes and Characterization by Flow Cytometry
13:13

High Efficiency Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Cardiomyocytes and Characterization by Flow Cytometry

Published on: September 23, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cardiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Cardiac function relies on complex regulatory networks, traditionally viewed as protein-mediated.
  • Emerging evidence highlights the significant role of RNA beyond protein production in gene regulation.
  • Epigenetic processes in organogenesis are increasingly linked to RNA-based control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging landscape of regulatory RNAs in cardiac biology.
  • To summarize known functions of regulatory RNAs in the heart.
  • To provide tools for exploring RNA's role in heart adaptation and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on regulatory RNAs.
  • Analysis of genomic data for differentially expressed RNAs.
  • Compilation of functional studies on microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in cardiac systems.

Main Results:

  • Regulatory RNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are integral to cardiac gene regulation.
  • These RNAs are involved in epigenetic processes crucial for heart development and adaptation.
  • Tens of thousands of lncRNAs show differential expression across animal genomes, suggesting broad regulatory roles.

Conclusions:

  • RNA molecules are critical regulators of heart function, adaptation, and disease.
  • A deeper understanding of regulatory RNAs offers new avenues for investigating complex heart conditions.
  • Exploring this hidden layer of gene regulation is essential for advancing cardiac biology.