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LP(a) phenotypes and levels in angiographically proven coronary heart disease patients and controls

K Luthra1, S Vasisht, S Chhabra

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, CN Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029 New Delhi.

Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry : IJCB
|October 30, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Elevated Lipoprotein (a) levels, particularly smaller apo(a) isoforms, significantly increase the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in North India. This study highlights Lp(a) as a key predictor for cardiovascular events in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Elevated Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a recognized risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular diseases.
  • Understanding Lp(a) variations in diverse populations is crucial for risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between Lipoprotein (a) levels, apo(a) isoforms, and coronary artery disease (CAD) in a North-Indian population.
  • To determine if Lp(a) concentration and size correlate with CAD risk in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 130 CAD patients and 130 controls from North India.
  • Assessment of plasma Lp(a) concentrations and apo(a) phenotypic isoform sizes.
  • Statistical comparison of Lp(a) levels and isoform distribution between patient and control groups.

Main Results:

  • Mean Lp(a) levels were significantly higher in CAD patients (42±34 mg/dl) compared to controls (27±27 mg/dl).
  • A higher frequency of elevated Lp(a) levels (>20 mg/dl) was observed in patients (73%) versus controls (43%).
  • Inverse correlation found between apo(a) isoform size and Lp(a) concentration, with smaller isoforms linked to higher levels.

Conclusions:

  • Low molecular weight apo(a) isoforms are significantly associated with an increased risk of CAD in the North-Indian population.
  • Lp(a) concentration and apo(a) isoform heterogeneity are important factors in CAD pathogenesis within this ethnic group.

Keywords:
Apolipoprotein(a)CholesterolCoronary artery diseaseLipoprotein(a)

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