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Related Concept Videos

Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses01:30

Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses

Adrenergic agonists have diverse therapeutic uses across various medical conditions and emergencies.
Emergency and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) applications: Pressor agents increase blood pressure, heart rate, and contractility in shock and organ failure situations. Dopamine can induce vasodilation and stimulate adrenoceptors. Endogenous catecholamines are effective in treating cardiogenic shock. α2-agonists like clonidine can reverse anesthesia-induced hypertension.
Allergies and anaphylaxis:...
Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists

Bronchodilators are critical in managing asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway constriction due to inflammation and hyper-reactivity. Specifically, bronchodilators ease this constriction by relaxing the bronchial muscles, facilitating easier breathing.
One class of bronchodilators includes β2-adrenoceptor agonists. These agents target the β2-adrenoceptors located on bronchial smooth muscle cells. By stimulating these receptors, β2-agonists induce relaxation in these...
Antiasthma Drugs: Methylxanthines01:24

Antiasthma Drugs: Methylxanthines

Theophylline, a member of the methylxanthine class of bronchodilators, has long been used in asthma management. While its exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, it is believed to have multiple effects on various cellular processes.
Theophylline is thought to inhibit phosphodiesterase enzymes, increasing intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). This rise in cAMP and cGMP concentrations stimulates cardiac function,...
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:

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Acupuncture in a Rat Model of Asthma
07:14

Acupuncture in a Rat Model of Asthma

Published on: August 25, 2020

Adenosine and its role in asthma.

S B Rao1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, 575001 Mangalore.

Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry : IJCB
|October 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Endogenous adenosine causes bronchoconstriction and asthma by activating lung mast cells. However, the precise mechanisms underlying adenosine

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary pharmacology
  • Immunology
  • Respiratory medicine

Background:

  • Endogenous adenosine, derived from ADP and AMP, is implicated in human bronchoconstriction and asthma.
  • Adenosine's effects are hypothesized to involve binding to purinoceptors on lung mast cells, triggering mediator release.
  • Vagal stimulation by adenosine has also been proposed as a mechanism for asthma exacerbation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the detailed mechanisms by which endogenous adenosine contributes to asthma.
  • To clarify the role of purinoceptors and mast cell mediators in adenosine-induced bronchoconstriction.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated adenosine formation from ADP/AMP via ATPase and 5'-nucleotidase.
  • Examined adenosine binding to purinoceptors on human lung mast cells.
Keywords:
AdenosineAllergyAsthmaBronchoconstrictionMast Cells

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Last Updated: May 17, 2026

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10:20

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  • Assessed mediator release and subsequent bronchoconstriction in response to adenosine.

    • Main Results:

    • Confirmed the role of endogenous adenosine in causing bronchoconstriction and asthma.
    • Identified specific purinoceptors involved in adenosine's action on mast cells.
    • Demonstrated mediator release leading to asthma symptoms.

    Conclusions:

    • Endogenous adenosine plays a confirmed role in asthma pathogenesis.
    • Adenosine-mediated activation of lung mast cells and subsequent mediator release are key mechanisms.
    • Further research is needed to fully understand the intricate details of adenosine's role in clinical asthma.