Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Urine Studies I: Urinalysis

Urine Studies I: Urinalysis

Urinalysis is a widely used diagnostic test that analyzes urine's physical, chemical, and microscopic characteristics. Healthcare providers use it to detect and monitor various health conditions, including renal disease, urinary tract infections (UTIs), diabetes, and metabolic or systemic disorders.Components of UrinalysisUrinalysis consists of three primary components: physical, chemical, and microscopic examination. Each provides unique insights into the urine sample and, by extension, the...

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Preoperative acute care spending predicts costs in bundled payment programs.

The American journal of managed care·2026

Same author

The Third Endourological Society Census Report.

Journal of endourology·2026

Same author

Prevention of urinary stones with hydration: a randomised clinical trial of an adherence intervention.

Lancet (London, England)·2026

Same author

Price transparency & out-of-pocket payments for medications: Implications of associated delivery fees in the United States.

Health policy OPEN·2026

Same author

Thermal injury and treatment efficiency during thulium fiber laser lithotripsy: insights from an in vivo porcine model.

World journal of urology·2026

Same author

Timing of Upper Urinary Tract Stone Surgery After Initial Presentation for Renal Colic With Concomitant Urinary Infection.

Urology practice·2025

Same journal

Ablative radiotherapy in castration-resistant prostate cancer.

BJU international·2026

Same journal

Longitudinal circulating tumour DNA identifies patients at high risk of upstaging and recurrence in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

BJU international·2026

Same journal

Venous thromboembolism after penile cancer surgery: a UK PeCaN study.

BJU international·2026

Same journal

Comment on 'Tumour size outperforms nephrometry scores to predict surgical success following partial nephrectomy'.

BJU international·2026

Same journal

STHLM3 NorDCaP: prospective multicentre trial of Stockholm3 for active surveillance biopsy guidance.

BJU international·2026

Same journal

F-URS with FANS versus mPCNL for 2-3 cm UUTS: a RCT with a subgroup analysis of 2-2.5 cm stones.

BJU international·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Published on: August 14, 2019

Diagnostic tests in urology: an introduction.

Rodney H Breau¹, Charles D Scales, Philipp Dahm

¹Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. rodneybreau@yahoo.ca

BJU International

|October 31, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Urologists frequently encounter diagnostic uncertainty, leading to the use of some unhelpful tests. This series critically evaluates diagnostic tests in urology to improve patient care and reduce healthcare costs.

More Related Videos

Optimizing Mouse Urodynamic Techniques for Improved Accuracy

Optimizing Mouse Urodynamic Techniques for Improved Accuracy

Published on: June 7, 2024

Introduction of an Integrated Pathology Image Management, Artificial Intelligence, and Reporting System

Introduction of an Integrated Pathology Image Management, Artificial Intelligence, and Reporting System

Published on: July 11, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Published on: August 14, 2019

Optimizing Mouse Urodynamic Techniques for Improved Accuracy

Optimizing Mouse Urodynamic Techniques for Improved Accuracy

Published on: June 7, 2024

Introduction of an Integrated Pathology Image Management, Artificial Intelligence, and Reporting System

Introduction of an Integrated Pathology Image Management, Artificial Intelligence, and Reporting System

Published on: July 11, 2025

Area of Science:

Urology
Diagnostic Testing
Health Economics

Background:

Urologists often face diagnostic uncertainty requiring various tests.
Some diagnostic tests are clinically unhelpful for ruling conditions in or out.
Inefficient test utilization strains healthcare resources.

Discussion:

This series examines the evidence quality for common urological diagnostic tests.
It emphasizes the importance of test interpretation in clinical decision-making.
Selective application of diagnostic tests is crucial for resource optimization.

Key Insights:

Not all diagnostic tests effectively aid in disease diagnosis or exclusion.
Clinically unhelpful tests represent a suboptimal allocation of healthcare resources.
Evidence-based selection of diagnostic tools is essential.

Outlook:

Improving the judicious use of diagnostic tests in urology.
Reducing the financial burden on the healthcare system.
Enhancing patient care through informed diagnostic strategies.