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An Electrophysiology Protocol to Measure Reward Anticipation and Processing in Children
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Published on: October 4, 2018

Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: a meta-analysis.

Julia Mossbridge1, Patrizio Tressoldi, Jessica Utts

  • 1Department of Psychology, Northwestern University Evanston, IL, USA.

Frontiers in Psychology
|October 31, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This meta-analysis found that pre-stimulus physiological activity can predict post-stimulus physiological activity, indicating an unexplained anticipatory effect. Higher quality studies showed stronger evidence for this physiological anticipation.

Keywords:
anticipatory physiologypre-stimulus activitypredictive processingpresentimentpsychophysiologytemporal processing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and Psychology
  • Physiological Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Investigates the phenomenon of anticipatory physiological activity preceding external stimuli.
  • Examines the hypothesis that pre-stimulus physiological activity reflects post-stimulus activity.
  • Addresses unexplained anticipatory effects in human physiological responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To meta-analyze existing research on anticipatory physiological activity.
  • To test the hypothesis of pre-stimulus physiological activity predicting post-stimulus responses.
  • To determine the significance and characteristics of this unexplained anticipatory effect.

Main Methods:

  • Meta-analysis of 26 reports (1978-2010) using random or arousing vs. neutral stimuli paradigms.
  • Included electrodermal activity, heart rate, pupil dilation, EEG, and BOLD activity.
  • Excluded post hoc experiments to ensure data integrity.

Main Results:

  • A significant overall anticipatory effect was found (fixed effect ES=0.21, p < 2.7 × 10⁻¹²).
  • Higher quality studies demonstrated larger effect sizes and greater significance.
  • A large number of contrary unpublished studies (87) would be needed to negate the findings.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms a statistically significant, albeit small, anticipatory physiological effect.
  • Higher study quality correlates with stronger evidence for anticipatory activity.
  • Further research with multi-laboratory replications is needed to elucidate the cause of this unexplained phenomenon.