A multifunctional in situ-forming hydrogel for wound healing

In this study, a multifunctional in situ-forming hydrogel (MISG) was prepared as a wound dressing designed to stop bleeding, inhibit inflammation, relieve pain, and improve healing. A mixture of poloxamers 407 and 188 was used for the matrix of the MISG. Other ingredients include aminocaproic acid (to stop bleeding), povidone iodine (anti-infective), lidocaine (pain relief), and chitosan (to enhance wound healing and regeneration). The incipient gelation temperature of the MISG was modified by varying the poloxamer concentration. Poloxamer cytotoxicity was evaluated in addition to the effect of the MISG on hemostasis in rabbits, pain relief in mice, bacteriostasis in vitro, and wound healing. The optimal MISG matrix consisted of 30% (w/v) poloxamer (407/188, 1 : 1, w/w) solution and was able to change to a gel within 10 minutes at 37 °C. The poloxamer solution had no cytotoxicity in fibroblasts. Compared to sterile gauze alone, the MISG significantly shortened average hemostasis time and decreased bleeding. The hydrogel showed strong bacteriostatic action similar to povidone iodine solution. It markedly increased the pain threshold and accelerated wound healing compared to the gauze. The MISG is a promising formulation for wound healing in emergency situations.