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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
Patient...
Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy01:28

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy

Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers, unexplained...
Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Lateral Molar Approach-Driven Transoral Endoscopic Procedure for Benign Infratemporal Fossa Tumor Resection
04:04

Lateral Molar Approach-Driven Transoral Endoscopic Procedure for Benign Infratemporal Fossa Tumor Resection

Published on: August 15, 2025

[Transanal endoscopic operation: indications and technique].

M Sailer1, C Möllmann

  • 1Klinik für Chirurgie, Bethesda Krankenhaus Bergedorf, Glindersweg 80, 21029, Hamburg, Deutschland. sailer@bkb.info

Der Chirurg; Zeitschrift Fur Alle Gebiete Der Operativen Medizen
|November 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Transanal endoscopic operation (TEO) offers a minimally invasive approach for rectal tumors. This technique provides excellent oncological outcomes and improved quality of life for select patients with early-stage rectal cancer.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Lateral Molar Approach-Driven Transoral Endoscopic Procedure for Benign Infratemporal Fossa Tumor Resection
04:04

Lateral Molar Approach-Driven Transoral Endoscopic Procedure for Benign Infratemporal Fossa Tumor Resection

Published on: August 15, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery

Context:

  • Transanal endoscopic operation (TEO) is an advanced technique derived from transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM).
  • TEO is utilized for excising benign rectal lesions and selected low-risk T1 rectal carcinomas.
  • Patient selection is critical, requiring complete resection (R0) for oncological success.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and outcomes of Transanal Endoscopic Operation (TEO) for rectal tumors.
  • To highlight the role of TEO in managing benign and early-stage malignant rectal lesions.
  • To compare functional results and quality of life after TEO versus traditional rectal resection.

Summary:

  • TEO enables minimally invasive excision of rectal tumors, including benign lesions and select low-risk T1 carcinomas.
  • Strict patient selection criteria, focusing on complete resection (R0), are essential for optimal oncological results.
  • Local excision via TEO is part of the diagnostic work-up; unfavorable histology necessitates radical salvage resection.

Impact:

  • TEO offers excellent oncological outcomes for appropriately selected patients.
  • Patients undergoing TEO experience significantly better functional results and quality of life compared to radical rectal resection.
  • TEO represents a valuable minimally invasive option in the management of specific rectal pathologies.