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Related Concept Videos

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance01:14

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance

Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the anxiety of...
Attitudes01:54

Attitudes

Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object. We have attitudes for many things ranging from products that we might pick up in the supermarket to people around the world to political policies. Typically, attitudes are favorable or unfavorable: positive or negative (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993). And, they have three components: an affective component (feelings), a behavioral component (the effect of the attitude on behavior), and a cognitive component (belief and knowledge;...
Frustration and Conflict: Approach-Approach, Approach-Avoidance01:20

Frustration and Conflict: Approach-Approach, Approach-Avoidance

Frustration occurs when people are obstructed or prevented from achieving a desired goal or fulfilling a perceived need. For example, when someone's input is ignored in a discussion, it can lead to feelings of frustration. Conflict, however, arises from opposing interests, goals, or actions. Conflicts can take various forms based on the nature of these opposing desires or goals.
One common type of conflict is the Approach–Approach Conflict. In this case, a person faces two desirable options,...
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

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People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...
Impression Management Techniques IV: Altercasting01:14

Impression Management Techniques IV: Altercasting

Altercasting is a strategic communication technique in which an individual imposes a specific identity or social role onto another person to influence their behavior and shape the interaction. By presuming a role—such as “responsible leader” or “patient person”—altercasting encourages the target to conform to that identity, often aligning their behavior with the expectations associated with the role. The power of this tactic lies in its subtlety; once a role is assigned, it becomes socially...
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Social Traps

Social traps are negative situations where people get caught in a direction or relationship that later proves to be unpleasant, with no easy way to back out of or avoid. The concept was orignally introduced by John Platt who applied psychology to Garrett Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons", where in New England herd owners could let their cattle graze in the common ground. This situation seems like a good idea, but an individual could have an advantage. If they owned more cows, the larger...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
28:13

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: February 26, 2013

ATT- A Double Edged Sword?

D Gude1, D P Bansal

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Medwin Hospital, Nampally, Hyderabad-500 001, India.

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|November 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antitubercular therapy (ATT) can cause liver damage (hepatotoxicity), which is often underestimated. This case highlights the risks and reviews strategies to prevent ATT-induced liver injury.

Keywords:
Acute liver failureantitubercular therapyhepatotoxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Antitubercular therapy (ATT)-induced hepatotoxicity is a significant clinical concern.
  • The condition is frequently overlooked despite its potential for serious morbidity.
  • Risk factors can exacerbate the adverse effects of ATT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case illustrating detrimental ATT-induced hepatotoxicity.
  • To review existing literature on ATT hepatotoxicity.
  • To explore potential preventive strategies for managing liver injury during ATT.

Main Methods:

  • Case report presentation.
  • Comprehensive literature review on antitubercular therapy and hepatotoxicity.
  • Analysis of risk factors and preventive measures.

Main Results:

  • The presented case demonstrated severe liver injury attributed to ATT.
  • Literature review confirmed a range of risk factors contributing to ATT hepatotoxicity.
  • Various preventive strategies were identified and discussed.

Conclusions:

  • ATT-induced hepatotoxicity requires greater clinical attention and proactive management.
  • Identifying and mitigating risk factors are crucial for patient safety during tuberculosis treatment.
  • Further research into effective preventive strategies is warranted to minimize liver damage.