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Growth patterns among HIV-exposed infants receiving nevirapine prophylaxis in Pune, India

Malathi Ram1, Nikhil Gupte, Uma Nayak

  • 1Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Dept, of International Health/GDEC, Suite W5506, 615 N, Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. mram@jhsph.edu

BMC Infectious Diseases
|November 2, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Infant malnutrition is high in India. HIV-infected infants show significantly higher stunting and underweight by 12 months, highlighting the need for early growth monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • India faces significant challenges with infant malnutrition.
  • Limited research exists on growth patterns of HIV-exposed infants in India.
  • The impact of HIV infection timing on infant growth in India requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare growth patterns of HIV-infected and HIV-exposed but uninfected infants in India.
  • To identify risk factors for stunting, underweight, and wasting in this population.
  • To assess the impact of the Six Week Extended Nevirapine (SWEN) trial on infant growth.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Six Week Extended Nevirapine (SWEN) trial.
  • Compared growth patterns and timing of HIV infection at multiple time points (weeks and months).
  • Employed random effects multivariable logistic regression to identify risk factors for malnutrition.

Main Results:

  • Baseline stunting and underweight were similar, but diverged by 12 months, with higher rates in HIV-infected infants.
  • Infants infected in utero experienced the poorest growth outcomes.
  • Maternal CD4 count, infant HIV status, breastfeeding, birth weight, delivery mode, and gestational age were significant risk factors for stunting and underweight.

Conclusions:

  • Early divergence in growth indices was observed between HIV-infected and uninfected infants.
  • The timing of HIV infection and SWEN prophylaxis influenced growth outcomes.
  • Implementing early growth monitoring for all HIV-exposed infants is a crucial, cost-effective strategy for improving health and survival.
Abstract

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