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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Behavior Modification01:21

Behavior Modification

Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

A brain-computer interface based attention training program for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Choon Guan Lim1, Tih Shih Lee, Cuntai Guan

  • 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore. choon_guan_lim@imh.com.sg

Plos One
|November 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new brain-computer interface (BCI) attention training game significantly improved attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children. This intensive 8-week program, with booster sessions, offers a promising new ADHD treatment.

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Using Brain Activation (nir-HEG/Q-EEG) and Execution Measures (CPTs) in a ADHD Assessment Protocol
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Published on: December 5, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Psychology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) presents significant treatment challenges.
  • Previous research indicated that a 20-session brain-computer interface (BCI) attention training program showed efficacy in managing ADHD symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a novel, more intensive BCI-based attention training game system for treating ADHD in children.
  • To assess the efficacy of this system in improving both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive ADHD symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty unmedicated children with ADHD (combined and inattentive subtypes) participated in the study.
  • The intervention involved an 8-week training program with 24 sessions, utilizing a BCI system with dry EEG sensors to drive a game, followed by monthly booster sessions.
  • Attention was monitored via EEG, calibrated using a Stroop task, and integrated into a feedback-driven game.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements were observed in both parent-rated inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive ADHD symptoms post-intervention.
  • At week 8, mean improvements were -4.6 for inattentive and -4.7 for hyperactive-impulsive symptoms (p<0.01).
  • Large effect sizes (Cohen's d=0.78 at week 8, 0.84 at week 24) were noted for inattentive symptoms, with EEG-based BCI measures correlating with clinical rating scale changes.

Conclusions:

  • The intensive BCI-based attention training game system demonstrates significant potential as a new therapeutic approach for ADHD.
  • The system effectively improved core ADHD symptoms, suggesting its clinical utility for pediatric populations.
  • EEG-based BCI measures showed a correlation with symptom reduction, supporting its role in monitoring treatment response.