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Bera in high risk children a 5 year hearing evaluation

R Bansal1, A K Agarwal

  • 1E.N.T. Department, M.A.M. College and Associated L.N.J.P.N. and G.B. Pant Hospital, 110 002 New Delhi.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|November 3, 2012
PubMed

Insights

This study found that 21.4% of high-risk children aged 0-5 years have hearing loss. Head and neck anomalies were linked to the highest incidence of hearing impairment in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Audiology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Limited global research exists on the incidence of hearing loss and its associated risk factors in children.
  • Identifying specific risk factors is crucial for early detection and intervention in pediatric hearing impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of hearing loss in children within the high-risk category.
  • To investigate the association between individual risk factors and hearing loss in young children (0-5 years).

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of 593 children (0-5 years) from a high-risk category undergoing Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (B.E.R.A.) over five years.
  • Categorization of children based on risk factors including Birth Asphyxia and Head and Neck anomalies.
  • Assessment of hearing loss severity (mild, moderate, severe) and type (cochlear, retrocochlear, conductive).

Main Results:

  • Overall, 126 (21.4%) of the high-risk children exhibited hearing loss.
  • Birth Asphyxia was the most prevalent risk factor (34.06%), while Head and Neck anomalies showed the highest hearing loss incidence (91.66%).
  • Bilateral hearing loss was observed in 101 children (80.15%), with mild, moderate, and severe hearing loss affecting 4.80%, 5.64%, and 8.34% of ears, respectively. Cochlear, retrocochlear, and conductive hearing loss were found in 71.31%, 29.90%, and 1.79% of ears.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of high-risk children experience hearing loss, underscoring the need for targeted audiological screening.
  • Head and Neck anomalies represent a critical risk factor for severe hearing impairment in this pediatric population.
  • Early identification and management of hearing loss in high-risk infants and children are essential for developmental outcomes.

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