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Otorhinolaryngological studies in diabetics
M K Agarwal1, A K Jha, S K Singh
1Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.
Summary
Diabetic patients, especially those with neuropathy or uncontrolled blood sugar, show increased hearing loss at higher frequencies. Early detection of hearing defects in diabetes is crucial for managing long-term complications.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Endocrinology
- Diabetology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease with numerous complications.
- Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication affecting peripheral nerves.
- Hearing impairment is an underrecognized complication in diabetic patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of hearing loss in patients with diabetes mellitus.
- To compare hearing thresholds between diabetic patients with and without neuropathy.
- To assess the impact of glycemic control on hearing function in diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Audiometric evaluation including pure-tone audiometry was performed.
- Patients were categorized based on the presence of diabetic neuropathy and glycemic control.
- Statistical analysis was used to compare hearing thresholds between groups.
Main Results:
- A significant proportion of diabetic patients exhibited sensorineural hearing loss and conductive deafness.
- Diabetic patients with neuropathy showed significantly increased hearing thresholds at higher frequencies (4000 Hz and 8000 Hz) compared to those without neuropathy.
- Uncontrolled diabetics had elevated hearing thresholds at higher frequencies compared to those with normal fasting plasma glucose.
Conclusions:
- Hearing impairment, particularly at higher frequencies, is prevalent in diabetic patients and is exacerbated by neuropathy and poor glycemic control.
- Current audiological tests may not be sensitive enough for early detection, but future advancements could enable early identification of hearing loss.
- Routine audiological screening is recommended for diabetic patients to detect hearing defects early, potentially preventing further neurological complications.
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