Computer-assisted functional endoscopic sinus surgery (c-a fess) - a review.

Area of Science:

• Medical Imaging
• Neurosurgery
• Otolaryngology

Background:

• Conventional Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) relies on surgeons mentally correlating pre-operative imaging with direct visualization.
• Limitations exist in visualizing structures outside the direct endoscopic view, potentially increasing surgical risks.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the role of Computer-Assisted Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (C-A FESS) in enhancing surgical planning and intraoperative guidance.
• To highlight the benefits of real-time imaging in complex sinus and cranial base surgeries.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing CT and MR imaging for spatial information and pre-operative surgical planning.
• Implementing computer-based image guidance systems for real-time navigation during surgery.
• Exploring intraoperatively acquired MR images for dynamic tissue change visualization.

Main Results:

• C-A FESS provides enhanced visualization of surrounding structures beyond the direct endoscopic field.
• Reported accuracy of 1 to 2 mm in image-guided navigation.
• Real-time imaging allows for safe navigation around critical structures like the optic nerve and pituitary gland.

Conclusions:

• Computer-Assisted Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery significantly improves surgical precision and safety compared to conventional FESS.
• The technology enables surgeons to operate with greater confidence in complex anatomical regions.
• Advancements in intraoperative imaging are crucial for the future of minimally invasive neurosurgical and otolaryngological procedures.