Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
Physiological Barriers01:25

Physiological Barriers

Physiological barriers are semi-permeable cellular structures restricting drug diffusion into intracellular compartments and tissues. There are six types of physiological barriers: blood endothelial, cell membrane, blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood-placenta, and blood-testis barriers.
The blood endothelial barrier is the most porous of these. It allows all small ionized, un-ionized, and lipophilic molecules to pass through the endothelial lining into the interstitial space...
Gonadal and Placental Hormones01:24

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair growth — and...
Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics01:23

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics

Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla.  Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by anesthetizing...
Requirements for Human Life01:26

Requirements for Human Life

The Earth and its atmosphere have provided humans with air, water, and food, but these are not the only requirements for survival. Humans also require a specific range of temperature and pressure that the Earth and its atmosphere provides.
Oxygen
Atmospheric air is only about 20 percent oxygen, but that oxygen is a key component of the chemical reactions that keep the body alive, including the reactions that produce ATP. Brain cells are susceptible to a lack of oxygen because they require a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dento-skeletal effect of maxillary expansion appliances in growing children and adolescents with transverse deficiency: a network meta-analysis.

European journal of orthodontics·2026
Same author

Noninvasive Mandibular Molar Uprighting Using Sleeve Push Technique - A Case Report with 36-month Follow-up.

Contemporary clinical dentistry·2026
Same author

Change in composition of blood after passing through circuit of automated device versus manual clinical method for neonatal exchange transfusions.

European journal of pediatrics·2025
Same author

Three-Dimensional Pharyngeal Airway Changes After Anterior Maxillary Distraction and Conventional Maxillary Distraction in Patients With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.

The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association·2025
Same author

Establishment of Callus Cultures from <i>Dalbergia sissoo</i> Leaf Explants for Production of Skin Therapeutics: An In Vitro and In Silico Study.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Potential of Amaranthus tricolor Terpenoids in Managing Obesity by Modulating the PI3K/AKT Pathway: A Network Pharmacology Approach.

Cell biochemistry and biophysics·2025
Same journal

Correction: Tracheostomy Management in Oral and Oropharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: A Retrospective Study from a Multidisciplinary Protocol Approach.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India·2026
Same journal

Correction: Screening of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia, Laryngopharyngeal Reflux and Job Burnout in Adult Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India·2026
Same journal

Correction: Comparison of the Use of Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma with Conventional Method in Myringoplasty.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India·2026
Same journal

Correction to: Digital Eye Strain and Dry Nose: an Observational Study on Screen OverUse and Emerging Otorhinolaryngological Symptoms in Young Adults.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India·2026
Same journal

Correction: Retrospective Observational Study To Analyse Indications of Cochleostomy and Changing Trends in Use of Cochleostomy for Cochlear Implant Electrode Insertion.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India·2026
Same journal

Correction: Sinonasal Clear Cell Carcinoma Masquerading as Recurrent Inverted Papilloma.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

The 4-vessel Sampling Approach to Integrative Studies of Human Placental Physiology In Vivo
12:17

The 4-vessel Sampling Approach to Integrative Studies of Human Placental Physiology In Vivo

Published on: August 2, 2017

Physiological changes in ENT during pregnancy.

Des Raj Bhagat1, Aniece Chowdhary, Sanjeev Verma

  • 1PG Dept. of ENT & Head & Neck Surgery, Govt. Medical College, Jammu.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|November 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pregnancy causes significant physiological changes in the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) due to hormonal shifts. Understanding these head and neck changes is crucial for otolaryngologists managing pregnant patients.

Keywords:
Bell’s PalsyEarHormonesNosePregnancyThroatThyroid

More Related Videos

Analysis of Electrocardiograms and Behavior in Mice from Pregnancy to Lactation Period
06:40

Analysis of Electrocardiograms and Behavior in Mice from Pregnancy to Lactation Period

Published on: April 5, 2024

Biaxial Basal Tone and Passive Testing of the Murine Reproductive System Using a Pressure Myograph
09:59

Biaxial Basal Tone and Passive Testing of the Murine Reproductive System Using a Pressure Myograph

Published on: August 13, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

The 4-vessel Sampling Approach to Integrative Studies of Human Placental Physiology In Vivo
12:17

The 4-vessel Sampling Approach to Integrative Studies of Human Placental Physiology In Vivo

Published on: August 2, 2017

Analysis of Electrocardiograms and Behavior in Mice from Pregnancy to Lactation Period
06:40

Analysis of Electrocardiograms and Behavior in Mice from Pregnancy to Lactation Period

Published on: April 5, 2024

Biaxial Basal Tone and Passive Testing of the Murine Reproductive System Using a Pressure Myograph
09:59

Biaxial Basal Tone and Passive Testing of the Murine Reproductive System Using a Pressure Myograph

Published on: August 13, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Obstetrics
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Ear, nose, and throat (ENT) changes during pregnancy are often overlooked as they typically resolve postpartum.
  • These physiological alterations affect multiple head and neck structures, including the larynx, esophagus, and thyroid.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological changes in the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) during pregnancy.
  • To examine the exacerbation of existing ENT conditions during gestation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of physiological changes in ENT during pregnancy.
  • Analysis of hormonal influences (estrogen, progesterone) on ENT symptomatology.

Main Results:

  • Pregnancy induces widespread physiological changes across the entire ENT region.
  • Hormonal fluctuations, primarily estrogens and progesterone, drive these ENT alterations.
  • Many ENT disorders become more prevalent or symptomatic during pregnancy, affecting head and neck regions.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of pregnancy-related ENT changes is essential for otolaryngologists.
  • Effective management of ENT conditions in pregnant individuals requires awareness of these physiological effects.