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[Non invasive evaluation of vascular calcifications in patients on hemodyalisis]

H Resić1, F Masnić, S Ajanović

  • 1Clinic for Hemodialysis, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hercegovina. kcushemodijaliza@bih.net.ba

Acta Medica Croatica : Casopis Hravatske Akademije Medicinskih Znanosti
|November 6, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Vascular calcifications are common in dialysis patients and indicate higher cardiovascular risk. Simple vascular score, assessed via X-ray, effectively identifies this risk, correlating with age and hemodialysis duration.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality in dialysis patients.
  • Traditional risk factors do not fully explain the high incidence of cardiovascular diseases in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.
  • Vascular calcification is strongly associated with increased mortality in CKD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of vascular calcifications in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis.
  • To assess the utility of the simple vascular score (sVC) and standard imaging techniques in identifying vascular calcifications.
  • To explore correlations between vascular calcifications, patient demographics, and laboratory findings.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 44 chronic hemodialysis patients (18 women, 26 men; average age 50.66 years).
  • Analyzed socio-demographic data, laboratory findings, X-rays (hand/pelvis), echocardiography, and carotid ultrasound.
  • Utilized simple vascular score (sVC) for X-ray based calcification assessment.

Main Results:

  • Vascular calcifications detected in 59% of patients (26/44).
  • X-rays identified calcifications in 45% (22/44); 9% (4/44) had calcifications not visible on X-ray.
  • Significant correlations found between vascular calcifications, older age (p<0.05), longer hemodialysis duration (p<0.05), and sVC score with calcium and iPTH levels.

Conclusions:

  • Vascular calcifications are a significant indicator of elevated cardiovascular risk in dialysis patients.
  • The simple vascular score (sVC) is a practical method for assessing this risk.
  • X-rays, echocardiography, and ultrasound are valuable for screening; X-ray offers accessibility and ease of interpretation.
Abstract

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