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Reported vectorborne and zoonotic diseases, U.S. Air Force, 2000-2011.
Madeline M Anna1, James D Escobar, Alice S Chapman
1United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Epidemiology Consult Service, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, USA.
MSMR
|November 6, 2012
Summary
Lyme disease was the most common vectorborne and zoonotic disease reported by the U.S. Air Force from 2000-2011, particularly in the northeastern U.S. and Germany. Annual cases of Lyme disease significantly increased in the latter half of the study period.
Area of Science:
- Military Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Vectorborne and zoonotic diseases pose significant health risks to military personnel and their families.
- Surveillance data is crucial for understanding disease trends and informing public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the incidence and patterns of vectorborne and zoonotic diseases within the U.S. Air Force population between 2000 and 2011.
- To identify the most prevalent diseases and demographic factors associated with these infections.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of reported vectorborne and zoonotic disease cases diagnosed at U.S. Air Force medical facilities.
- Data extraction included disease type, location, and patient demographics.
Main Results:
- A total of 770 cases were reported, with Lyme disease comprising 70% (n=538).
- Lyme disease cases were predominantly reported from northeastern U.S. and German bases, with a notable increase in later years.
- Malaria, Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), Q fever, dengue, and leishmaniasis were the next most common infections.
- Military service members represented the majority for most diseases, but families and retirees accounted for most Lyme disease and RMSF cases.
Conclusions:
- Lyme disease is a primary vectorborne concern within the Air Force, necessitating targeted prevention strategies.
- Increased reporting of Lyme disease suggests potential environmental or exposure changes.
- Comprehensive surveillance of vectorborne and zoonotic diseases is vital for military health protection.
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