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Updated: May 17, 2026

Confocal Imaging of Neuropeptide Y-pHluorin: A Technique to Visualize Insulin Granule Exocytosis in Intact Murine and Human Islets
Published on: September 13, 2017
Insulin-regulated aminopeptidase and its compartment in dendritic cells
Loredana Saveanu1, Joël Babdor, Myriam Lawand
1Institut National de la Santé et de le Recherche Médicale, Unité 1013, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France.
Abstract:
Peptide epitopes presented by MHC class I molecules are produced through sequential proteolysis, frequently terminating with an aminoterminal trimming step. While the trimming enzymes processing endogenous MHC class I ligands in the endoplasmic reticulum have by now been characterized extensively, we have only recently identified an endosomal enzyme, insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) that can trim cross-presented peptides derived from proteins internalized by dendritic cells. Here we summarize the essential features of IRAP as a trimming enzyme, propose an updated model of cellular cross-presentation pathways, and discuss potential additional functions of IRAP and its compartment in dendritic cell biology.
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