Details of treatment-related difficulties in men with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis
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Updated: May 17, 2026

The Adjuvant Efficacy of Angong Niuhuang Pill in the Treatment of Viral Encephalitis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Published on: April 19, 2024
Hikaru Sakamoto1, Makito Hirano, Makoto Samukawa
1Department of Neurology, Sakai Hospital, Sakai, Japan.
Abstract:
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) antibody-associated encephalitis is an immunologic disease characterized by a female preponderance. Males are infrequently affected. The clinical symptoms of affected boys as well as girls have been summarized, and they have some clinical features distinct from those of adults. However, the characteristics of men have been described in only a few reports. We describe in detail four men with anti-NMDAR encephalitis who presented with several clinical features that complicated disease management and recovery, including venous thrombosis, bilateral hippocampal involvement, hypersexuality, and joint contracture. We also report the first detailed clinical information about a male patient who died of this disease. In addition, we summarize the clinical characteristics of five patients previously reported by others.
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