Cutaneous angiomyolipoma

Area of Science:

• Dermatopathology
• Pediatric Pathology
• Surgical Pathology

Background:

• Cutaneous angiomyolipoma (AML) is a rare mesenchymal tumor.
• Renal AML is often associated with tuberous sclerosis complex.
• Distinguishing cutaneous AML from other soft tissue tumors requires careful histopathologic evaluation.

Observation:

• A 3-year-old female child presented with a cutaneous AML on the anterior abdominal wall.
• Histologic examination revealed a well-circumscribed dermal nodule.
• The nodule comprised thick-walled blood vessels, smooth muscle, and mature adipose tissue.

Findings:

• The cutaneous AML lacked association with tuberous sclerosis, epithelioid cells, and male predominance, differentiating it from renal AML.
• Unique histopathological features distinguished this lesion from angiomyoma, angiolipoma, myolipoma, hemangioma, and other mixed mesenchymal tumors.
• The case demonstrates that diagnostic features of AML can manifest in extrarenal locations.

Implications:

• Cutaneous AML should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal wall tumors in children.
• Histopathological assessment is crucial for accurate diagnosis, irrespective of tumor location.
• This case expands the understanding of AML presentation and diagnosis in pediatric dermatology and pathology.