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Response to hepatitis A and B vaccination in pediatric patients with celiac disease

Nafiye Urganci1, Derya Kalyoncu

  • 1Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|November 8, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric patients with celiac disease show a reduced response to hepatitis A and B vaccines compared to healthy children. This suggests a need for careful vaccination strategies in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder affecting children.
  • Assessing vaccine immunogenicity in pediatric CD patients is crucial for public health.
  • Hepatitis A and B are significant viral infections preventable by vaccination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the immune response to hepatitis A and B vaccinations in children diagnosed with celiac disease.
  • To compare vaccination efficacy in pediatric CD patients versus healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 30 pediatric patients (ages 1-15) with CD was compared to 50 healthy controls.
  • Participants received standard hepatitis A and B vaccine regimens.
  • Serological testing assessed antibody levels before and after vaccination, including follow-up evaluations.

Main Results:

  • Lower seroconversion rates were observed in CD patients for both hepatitis A (75% vs 100%) and hepatitis B (70% vs 90% after primary series).
  • A significant difference in seroprotection was noted for hepatitis B vaccine efficacy (P=0.03 after primary, P=0.04 after full series).
  • Four CD patients were unresponsive to both vaccines, and antibody levels remained stable during follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric patients with celiac disease exhibit a diminished seroconversion rate to hepatitis A and B vaccines compared to healthy individuals.
  • The findings highlight potential challenges in achieving adequate immunity against hepatitis A and B in this vulnerable population.
  • Further research may be warranted to optimize vaccination protocols for children with celiac disease.
Abstract

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