Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Repressed Memory01:16

Repressed Memory

Repressed memories are a psychological phenomenon where memories of traumatic events are unconsciously blocked from a person's awareness. This process occurs as a defense mechanism, protecting the mind from the emotional impact of distressing or painful experiences. For example, a person who has experienced childhood trauma may grow up with no conscious recollection of the event. In such cases, the memories are thought to be buried deep within the subconscious, inaccessible to the conscious...
Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness01:14

Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness

Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now?
Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a bonus...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

AI assistance improves people's ability to distinguish correct from incorrect eyewitness lineup identifications.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Probing the origins of subjective confidence in source memory decisions in young and older adults: A sequential sampling account.

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2024
Same author

A comparison between numeric confidence ratings and verbal confidence statements.

Journal of experimental psychology. Applied·2024
Same author

Comparing human evaluations of eyewitness statements to a machine learning classifier under pristine and suboptimal lineup administration procedures.

Cognition·2024
Same author

New Insights on Expert Opinion About Eyewitness Memory Research.

Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science·2024
Same author

Unskilled, underperforming, or unaware? Testing three accounts of individual differences in metacognitive monitoring.

Cognition·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

Negative prospective memory: remembering not to perform an action.

Jeffrey E Pink1, Chad S Dodson

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4400, USA.

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|November 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Remembering to inhibit habitual actions is crucial for prospective memory. Taxing attentional resources increases errors in these tasks, suggesting inhibitory failures cause prospective memory commission errors.

More Related Videos

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear
11:17

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Published on: August 24, 2012

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear
11:17

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Published on: August 24, 2012

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Prospective memory involves remembering to perform intended actions in the future.
  • Commission errors in prospective memory occur when an action is mistakenly performed.
  • Habitual responses to cues can interfere with prospective memory tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of attentional resources in prospective memory commission errors.
  • To examine how habitual prospective responses influence errors when attention is divided.
  • To explore the necessity of attentional resources for withholding habitual prospective memory responses.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted involving prospective memory tasks.
  • Participants engaged in tasks requiring routine responses to cues versus one-time responses.
  • Attentional resources were manipulated by taxing attention (divided attention task).

Main Results:

  • Participants with a history of routine responses were more prone to commission errors when attention was taxed.
  • Dividing attention did not increase errors for cues not previously performed habitually.
  • Attentional resources are necessary to inhibit habitual prospective memory responses.

Conclusions:

  • Attentional resources are required to prevent prospective memory commission errors related to habitual responses.
  • Inhibitory failures contribute to prospective memory errors.
  • The definition of prospective memory should encompass remembering to withhold actions.