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Amoebic liver abscess: presentation and complications.

Madhumita Mukhopadhyay1, Anil Kumar Saha, Amitava Sarkar

  • 1Department of Surgery, Calcutta National Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal India.

The Indian Journal of Surgery
|November 8, 2012
PubMed
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Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) presents variably, often missed in diagnosis. Early suspicion with symptoms like abdominal pain and tender hepatomegaly, aided by sonography, is crucial for preventing severe complications.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) is a common hepatic lesion with diverse presentations, posing diagnostic challenges.
  • Complicated ALA carries significant morbidity and mortality if left untreated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical presentations and complications of ALA.
  • To improve early diagnosis and prevent adverse outcomes associated with ALA.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study of patients diagnosed with ALA was conducted over three years.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, clinical signs, ultrasonographic findings, and complications.

Main Results:

  • The study analyzed 72 patients with 76 ALAs, predominantly males aged 31-40 years.
  • Common symptoms included right hypochondrium pain (83.33%) and fever (80.56%). Alcohol consumption was reported by 61.11%.
  • Pleuropulmonary complications (33.33%) and intraperitoneal rupture (26.39%) were most frequent. Diagnosis was missed in 29.17% of cases, particularly those with atypical presentations. Ultrasonography identified echorich patterns in 71.05% of abscesses.

Conclusions:

  • In endemic regions, ALA should be suspected in patients with lower chest or upper abdominal pain and tender hepatomegaly.
  • Sonography is a vital diagnostic tool for ALA, though residual abscesses may persist post-treatment.