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Related Concept Videos

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...
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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Real-time Imaging of Myeloid Cells Dynamics in ApcMin/+ Intestinal Tumors by Spinning Disk Confocal Microscopy
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DPC4 expression in the small intestinal adenocarcinomas.

Sun Jae Lee1, Eunsil Yu, Young Kyung Bae

  • 1Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.

Korean Journal of Pathology
|November 9, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Smad4/DPC4 loss was observed in 12.8% of small intestinal adenocarcinomas (SACs). This loss correlated with increased lymphatic invasion risk but not survival, suggesting a role in SAC progression.

Keywords:
AdenocarcinomaImmunohistochemistryIntestine, smallSmad4/DPC4

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Last Updated: May 17, 2026

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10:11

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Published on: January 3, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Molecular Pathology

Background:

  • Small intestinal adenocarcinomas (SACs) are rare gastrointestinal malignancies.
  • The carcinogenesis of SACs remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression of Smad4/DPC4 in a large cohort of SACs.
  • To correlate Smad4/DPC4 expression with clinicopathological features and patient survival.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized tissue microarray technology for immunohistochemical analysis.
  • Examined 188 surgically resected SAC cases for Smad4/DPC4 expression.
  • Correlated expression levels with tumor location, differentiation, invasion, and metastasis.

Main Results:

  • Complete loss of Smad4/DPC4 expression occurred in 12.8% of SACs.
  • Smad4/DPC4 expression was linked to an increased risk of lymphatic invasion.
  • No significant association was found between Smad4/DPC4 expression and patient survival or other clinicopathological features.

Conclusions:

  • This is the first large-scale study correlating Smad4/DPC4 expression with clinicopathology in SACs.
  • Further research into the immunohistochemical and molecular aspects of SACs is needed to elucidate their tumorigenesis.