Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...

Muscles that Move the Leg

Muscles that Move the Leg

The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Longitudinal analysis of tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy outcomes and BCR-ABL1 transcript decline velocity in chronic myeloid leukemia: A 16-year real-world study.

Cancer·2026

Same author

Significance of Gastrointestinal Histiocytosis: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Cureus·2026

Same author

Cytokine receptor and JAK/STAT pathway mutations in acute myeloid leukemia: Prevalence and clinical impact.

Cancer·2026

Same author

Why detailed modeling matters in the FE-based pre-clinical evaluation of temporomandibular joint implants.

Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery·2026

Same author

Morphometric variations of human mandible in the Indian population: comparison between healthy and ankylosed temporomandibular joints.

Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery·2026

Same author

Biallelic germline MBD4 mutations predispose to colorectal polyposis, hypermutated AML, and schwannomas.

Familial cancer·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Sit-to-stand-and-walk from 120% Knee Height: A Novel Approach to Assess Dynamic Postural Control Independent of Lead-limb

Sit-to-stand-and-walk from 120% Knee Height: A Novel Approach to Assess Dynamic Postural Control Independent of Lead-limb

Published on: August 30, 2016

Repositioning the knee joint in human body FE models using a graphics-based technique.

Dhaval Jani¹, Anoop Chawla, Sudipto Mukherjee

¹A. D. Patel Institute of Technology, Gujarat, India.

Traffic Injury Prevention

|November 10, 2012

Summary

This study presents a new method to reposition human body finite element models (FE-HBMs) for crash simulations. The technique allows for rapid, accurate adjustments of lower extremity postures, maintaining model integrity for improved analysis.

More Related Videos

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Published on: April 11, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Sit-to-stand-and-walk from 120% Knee Height: A Novel Approach to Assess Dynamic Postural Control Independent of Lead-limb

Sit-to-stand-and-walk from 120% Knee Height: A Novel Approach to Assess Dynamic Postural Control Independent of Lead-limb

Published on: August 30, 2016

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Published on: April 11, 2018

Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Computational modeling
Finite element analysis

Background:

Existing human body finite element models (FE-HBMs) are limited to standard postures.
There is a critical need for FE-HBMs that can represent diverse crash victim positions.
Developing unique FE-HBMs for every possible posture is computationally infeasible.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a method for reconfiguring existing FE-HBMs to achieve posture-specific human lower extremity models.
To enable the creation of FE-HBMs in postures relevant to crash scenarios.
To overcome the limitations of static FE-HBMs by allowing dynamic repositioning.

Main Methods:

A graphics-based technique was employed to reposition the lower extremity by defining flexion-extension angles.
Finite element models were segregated into rigid bone components and deformable soft tissues.
Rotational transformations and geometric heuristics were used to reposition bones, skin, and soft tissues, followed by mesh smoothing.

Main Results:

The developed method successfully controls knee joint kinematics and preserves initial mesh quality.
Element distortion in critical joint areas was mitigated through mesh smoothing.
The repositioning process was demonstrated to be rapid and effective, achieving desired joint angles.

Conclusions:

A novel method for repositioning knee joints in human body FE-HBMs was successfully developed.
The method allows for quick (seconds) and precise repositioning of the lower extremity from 9 to 90 degrees of flexion.
The maintained mesh quality ensures the repositioned models are suitable for subsequent finite element simulations.