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Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The iodine is then...
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
06:39

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants

Published on: June 13, 2021

Thyroid function tests at delivery and risk for postpartum depressive symptoms.

Sara M Sylvén1, Evangelia Elenis, Theodoros Michelakos

  • 1Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. sara.sylven@kbh.uu.se

Psychoneuroendocrinology
|November 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels at delivery may predict postpartum depression (PPD) risk in new mothers. This finding could lead to early screening for PPD using inexpensive TSH blood tests.

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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
06:39

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants

Published on: June 13, 2021

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent complication affecting mothers and families.
  • Current diagnostic methods for PPD are limited, and a biological test is unavailable.
  • Postpartum thyroid dysfunction is common, with emerging evidence linking it to PPD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between maternal serum thyroid hormone levels at delivery and the subsequent development of depressive symptoms.
  • To evaluate thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) as a potential predictive marker for postpartum depression.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based cohort study of 347 Swedish women delivering at Uppsala University Hospital.
  • Serum samples collected at delivery for thyroid hormone analysis.
  • Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) administered at 5 days, 6 weeks, and 6 months postpartum to identify PPD cases.

Main Results:

  • A TSH level over 4.0 mU/L at delivery was significantly associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms at 6 months postpartum (OR 11.30).
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated significant predictive ability for PPD at 6 months (AUC 0.764).
  • A TSH predictive variable cut-off of 6.33 yielded 76.2% sensitivity and 69.4% specificity for PPD.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated TSH levels at delivery may serve as a predictive marker for postpartum depression.
  • TSH determination is a cost-effective routine blood test with potential for PPD screening.
  • Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore clinical implementation for PPD screening.