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Mumps Hoshino and Torii vaccine strains were distinguished from circulating wild strains

Akihito Sawada1, Yoshiaki Yamaji, Tetsuo Nakayama

  • 1Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Laboratory of Viral Infection I, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan.

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy : Official Journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy
|November 10, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Differentiating mumps vaccine strains from wild types is crucial for identifying adverse events. This study developed a molecular method using RT-nested PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism to distinguish between vaccine and wild mumps virus strains.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mumps vaccination can be associated with aseptic meningitis and acute parotitis.
  • Low vaccine coverage in Japan has led to mumps outbreaks, necessitating the identification of vaccine-associated cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a molecular method for differentiating mumps vaccine strains from wild-type strains.
  • To apply this method for identifying vaccine-associated adverse events.

Main Methods:

  • RT-nested PCR was employed to amplify the small hydrophobic gene region of the mumps virus.
  • Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay using MfeI, EcoT22I, and XbaI enzymes was performed on amplified products.
  • Analysis of fragment sizes distinguished between vaccine (Hoshino, Torii) and wild-type strains.

Main Results:

  • The Hoshino and Torii vaccine strains (genotype B) showed distinct restriction patterns with MfeI, EcoT22I, and XbaI compared to wild types.
  • Wild-type strains were cut by XbaI or MfeI, but the MfeI site differed from that in the Hoshino strain.
  • The RFLP assay successfully distinguished the two vaccine strains from circulating wild types.

Conclusions:

  • A reliable molecular method using RFLP analysis of RT-nested PCR products can differentiate mumps vaccine strains from wild types.
  • This technique is valuable for investigating mumps outbreaks and identifying vaccine-related adverse events.

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