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DNA Microarrays02:34

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

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Visual Detection of Multiple Nucleic Acids in a Capillary Array
08:56

Visual Detection of Multiple Nucleic Acids in a Capillary Array

Published on: November 15, 2017

Sensitive cylindrical SERS substrate array for rapid microanalysis of nucleobases.

Panneerselvam Rajapandiyan1, Jyisy Yang

  • 1Department of Chemistry, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.

Analytical Chemistry
|November 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel cylindrical substrate array for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enables sensitive detection of nucleobases in minimal liquid volumes. This SERS array improves reproducibility and sensitivity for aqueous sample analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful technique for molecular detection.
  • Analyzing aqueous samples with SERS can be challenging due to sample spreading and reduced sensitivity.
  • Existing SERS substrates often struggle with quantitative analysis of small liquid volumes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel cylindrical SERS substrate array for enhanced analysis of nucleobases.
  • To overcome limitations of SERS detection in aqueous samples, particularly concerning sample confinement and reproducibility.
  • To enable sensitive and quantitative detection of nucleobases using minimal sample volumes.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of cylindrical SERS substrates using poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) optical fibers.
  • Coating fiber tips with poly(vinylidene fluoride)/dimethylformamide (PVDF/DMF) to enhance surface roughness.
  • In-situ formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the PVDF layer via chemical reduction.
  • Systematic optimization of reagents and reaction conditions for AgNP synthesis.
  • Assembly of individual substrates into a solid-state array for mass analysis.

Main Results:

  • The developed cylindrical SERS substrates effectively confined aqueous samples to the tip, enabling quantitative analysis.
  • A sample volume as low as 1 μL could be analyzed without a drying step.
  • The SERS substrate array demonstrated improved reproducibility and sensitivity for aqueous samples.
  • An enhancement factor approaching 7 orders of magnitude was achieved with a relative standard error of approximately 8%.
  • Nucleobases (adenine, cytosine, thymine, uracil) were detected at concentrations in the hundreds of nanomolar range.

Conclusions:

  • The novel cylindrical SERS substrate array offers a robust platform for sensitive and quantitative analysis of nucleobases in microliter volumes.
  • The substrate design overcomes key challenges in SERS detection of aqueous samples, enhancing performance.
  • This technology holds promise for various applications requiring rapid and sensitive molecular detection in biological and chemical fields.