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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
Colonisation of Pathogens01:25

Colonisation of Pathogens

Pathogen colonization of host tissues is a critical step in the development of infectious diseases. Various pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa, have evolved complex strategies to attach to, invade, and persist within host environments. These mechanisms enable pathogens to establish infections, evade immune responses, and resist antimicrobial treatments.Attachment to Host CellsIn bacteria, colonization typically begins with adherence to host epithelial...
Asepsis01:28

Asepsis

The condition of being free from disease-causing living pathogens is asepsis. Aseptic techniques include a set of standard practices to achieve asepsis. An example is the regular environmental cleaning of all parts of the healthcare facility and hand hygiene at home before preparing or eating food. Medical and surgical asepsis in healthcare practice protects patients from harmful pathogens, minimizes the risk of contamination of susceptible sites, and reduces the risk of infection transmission.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
07:30

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression

Published on: June 15, 2019

Sepsis: from pattern to mechanism and back.

Gary An1, Rami A Namas, Yoram Vodovotz

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering
|November 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Dynamic mathematical modeling can link sepsis inflammation patterns to physiological variability, improving patient diagnosis and care. This approach integrates biology and engineering for better sepsis management.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
07:30

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression

Published on: June 15, 2019

Cecal Ligation Puncture Procedure
11:53

Cecal Ligation Puncture Procedure

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A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
07:42

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

Published on: February 7, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Computational Biology
  • Systems Biology
  • Mathematical Modeling

Background:

  • Sepsis involves complex inflammatory and physiological processes.
  • Understanding physiological variability in sepsis requires mechanistic insight.
  • Current understanding lacks a clear link between inflammation biology and clinical signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a mechanistic understanding of sepsis.
  • To link physiological variability to the underlying biology of inflammation.
  • To facilitate improved diagnosis and intervention in sepsis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing dynamic mathematical and computational modeling.
  • Employing an iterative approach of laboratory experimentation and modeling.
  • Integrating cellular biology, physiology, control theory, and systems engineering.

Main Results:

  • Hypotheses can be formally represented in mathematical and computational language.
  • Behaviors across biological scales and domains can be linked.
  • Insights into control structures governing biological patterns are gained.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic modeling offers a pathway to better explain, diagnose, and intervene in sepsis.
  • An integrated approach enhances understanding of sepsis mechanisms.
  • This methodology bridges basic science and clinical application for septic patients.