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High-resolution PLA-based composite scaffolds via 3-D printing technology.

T Serra1, J A Planell, M Navarro

  • 1Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain.

Acta Biomaterialia
|November 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel biodegradable 3-D scaffolds using polylactic acid and CaP glass. These scaffolds show promising interconnected porosity, improved surface properties, and enhanced cell adhesion for tissue engineering applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Developing biodegradable scaffolds is crucial for tissue regeneration.
  • Scaffolds need specific properties like biodegradability, pore size, interconnectivity, bioactivity, and mechanical strength.
  • Current limitations exist in achieving optimal scaffold characteristics for tissue repair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize novel three-dimensional (3-D) biodegradable scaffolds.
  • To combine polylactic acid with bioactive CaP glass for enhanced scaffold properties.
  • To evaluate the structural, surface, mechanical, and biological characteristics of the fabricated scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a nozzle-based rapid prototyping system.

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  • Fabricated 3-D scaffolds with orthogonal and displaced double layer patterns.
  • Employed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-computer tomography (micro-CT) for structural analysis.
  • Assessed surface properties, mechanical strength (compression), and preliminary cell response using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved completely interconnected porosity and uniform distribution of CaP glass particles.
    • Demonstrated controlled and repetitive scaffold architecture.
    • Observed increased surface roughness and hydrophilicity due to CaP glass incorporation.
    • Found compression strength to be dependent on scaffold geometry and glass content.
    • Noted improved MSC adhesion on scaffolds containing CaP glass.

    Conclusions:

    • The rapid prototyping technique effectively produced 3-D porous scaffolds with desired characteristics.
    • The combination of polylactic acid and CaP glass shows suitability for tissue engineering.
    • The fabricated scaffolds exhibit initial biocompatibility, particularly enhanced cell adhesion.
    • These findings support the potential of these scaffolds for guiding and stimulating tissue regeneration.