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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...

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An In Vitro System to Study Tumor Dormancy and the Switch to Metastatic Growth
09:14

An In Vitro System to Study Tumor Dormancy and the Switch to Metastatic Growth

Published on: August 11, 2011

Cancer stem cells and tumor dormancy.

Heiko Enderling1

  • 1Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02135, USA. heiko.enderling@tufts.edu

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|November 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Cancer stem cells drive tumor growth and metastasis. Their interactions with non-stem cells create complex tumor kinetics, with dormancy being a key bottleneck for progression.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Mathematical Biology

Background:

  • The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis posits a hierarchical tumor model.
  • CSC subpopulations initiate and sustain tumors, while non-stem cells proliferate without tumor-forming potential.
  • Interactions between CSCs and non-stem cells influence tumor growth dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of cell kinetics in tumor progression under the CSC hypothesis.
  • To explore the impact of CSC-non-stem cell interactions on tumor growth patterns.
  • To analyze the significance of dormant states in early tumor development.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical modeling of tumor growth kinetics.
  • Simulation of cell populations with distinct stem and non-stem characteristics.

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A Time-lapse, Label-free, Quantitative Phase Imaging Study of Dormant and Active Human Cancer Cells
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Published on: August 11, 2011

An In Vitro Dormancy Model of Estrogen-sensitive Breast Cancer in the Bone Marrow: A Tool for Molecular Mechanism Studies and Hypothesis Generation
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  • Analysis of parameter ranges for biologically realistic cell kinetic behaviors.

    • Main Results:

    • Tumor growth kinetics are influenced by nonlinear interactions between CSCs and non-stem cells.
    • An intrinsic dormant state represents a critical bottleneck in early tumor progression.
    • Specific cell kinetic conditions can facilitate escape from dormancy, leading to self-metastatic expansion.

    Conclusions:

    • The CSC model provides a framework for understanding complex tumor growth.
    • Dormancy is a crucial factor in tumor progression and therapeutic resistance.
    • Understanding cell kinetics is vital for predicting and controlling tumor metastasis.